CVE-2026-31431

CRITICALPre-NVD 7.89.0▲
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2026-05-01), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. a secondary CVSS source baseline 7.8 retained for reference (NVD's own analysis pending). Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: cisa_kev, epss, ghsa, secondary
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild
9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV)
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 100%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: cisa kev · ssvc active · Metasploit · epss top5pct · epss high · public exploitExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place

This mostly reverts commit 72548b093ee3 except for the copying of the associated data.

There is no benefit in operating in-place in algif_aead since the source and destination come from different mappings. Get rid of all the complexity added for in-place operation and just copy the AD directly.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
9.0(high)
EG Risk
81(Attend)
EG Risk 81/100SSVC: Attend

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity90% × 45%
Exploitation100% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Remediate soon — notable exploitation risk.
EPSS PROB
100%
EPSS %ILE
100%
KEV
⚠ Exploited

Published

April 22, 2026

Last Modified

September 8, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Apr 29, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

GitHub - theori-io/copy-fail-CVE-2026-31431 · GitHub

https://github.com/theori-io/copy-fail-CVE-2026-31431
generic

crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fafe0fa2995a0f7073c1c358d7d3145bcc9aedd8
generic

crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ce42ee423e58dffa5ec03524054c9d8bfd4f6237
generic

crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a664bf3d603dc3bdcf9ae47cc21e0daec706d7a5

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-31431(20)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(23)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-231.12.el10nv2026-06-30redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-687.5.3.el9_82026-05-19redhat
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-211.7.3.el10_22026-05-19redhat
redhatrhcos-414.92.202605060243-02026-05-13redhat
redhatrhcos-415.92.202605060220-02026-05-13redhat
redhatkpatch-patch2026-05-12redhat
redhatrhcos-412.86.202605060316-02026-05-08redhat
redhatrhcos-416.94.202605042300-02026-05-07redhat
redhatkernel-0:6.12.0-211.6.el10nv2026-05-07redhat
redhatrhcos-413.92.202605051442-02026-05-07redhat
redhatrhcos-417.94.202605050021-02026-05-07redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-427.124.1.el9_42026-05-06redhat
redhatrhcos-4.19.9.6.202605042214-02026-05-06redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-305.190.1.el8_42026-05-06redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-570.112.1.el9_62026-05-06redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-70.178.1.rt21.250.el9_02026-05-06redhat
redhatrhcos-418.94.202605042017-02026-05-06redhat
redhatrhcos-4.20.9.6.202605051409-02026-05-06redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-284.169.1.rt14.454.el9_22026-05-06redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-70.178.1.el9_02026-05-06redhat
redhatrhcos-4.21.9.6.202605051105-02026-05-06redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-372.191.1.el8_62026-05-06redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-284.169.1.el9_22026-05-05redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 5.10.92-2 (50 versions)5.10.251-3—
linux-6.16.1.106-3~deb11u1 ... 6.1.164-1~deb11u1 (16 versions)6.1.170-1~deb11u1—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (48 versions)6.1.170-1—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.85-1~bpo12+1 (17 versions)6.12.85-1—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.19~rc8-1~exp1 (125 versions)6.19.12-1—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(13)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 86× in last 7d / 377× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,431 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-19 03:48 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-09-19 03:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-09-18 23:40 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-09-18 23:39 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-09-18 19:32 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-09-18 19:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-09-18 19:20 UTCCISA KEV update
  8. 2026-09-18 15:24 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-09-18 15:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-09-18 14:15 UTCCISA KEV update
  11. 2026-09-18 11:16 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-09-18 11:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-09-18 07:09 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-09-18 07:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-09-18 03:00 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-09-18 03:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-09-17 22:52 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-09-17 22:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-09-17 18:43 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-09-17 18:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-09-17 14:34 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-09-17 14:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-09-17 10:26 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-09-17 10:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-09-17 06:17 UTCVendor advisory
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-09-17 06:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-09-17 02:08 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-09-17 02:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-09-16 22:00 UTCVendor advisory
  5. 2026-09-16 22:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-09-16 17:53 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-09-16 17:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-09-16 14:10 UTCCISA KEV update
  9. 2026-09-16 13:44 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-09-16 13:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-09-16 09:35 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-09-16 09:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-09-16 05:27 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-09-16 05:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-09-16 01:19 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-09-16 01:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-09-15 21:11 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-09-15 21:11 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-09-15 17:03 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-09-15 17:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-09-15 12:54 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-09-15 12:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-09-15 08:46 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-09-15 08:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-09-15 04:36 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-09-15 04:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-09-15 00:28 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-09-15 00:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-09-14 20:20 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-09-14 20:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-09-14 19:24 UTCCISA KEV update
  32. 2026-09-14 16:12 UTCVendor advisory
  33. 2026-09-14 16:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  34. 2026-09-14 12:05 UTCVendor advisory
  35. 2026-09-14 12:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-09-14 07:57 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-09-14 07:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  38. 2026-09-14 03:49 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-09-14 03:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-09-13 23:42 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-09-13 23:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  42. 2026-09-13 19:33 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-09-13 19:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-09-13 15:25 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-09-13 15:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-09-13 11:17 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-09-13 11:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  48. 2026-09-13 07:09 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-09-13 07:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-09-13 03:01 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-09-13 03:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  52. 2026-09-12 22:53 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-09-12 22:53 UTCGHSA enrichment
  54. 2026-09-12 18:45 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-09-12 18:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-09-12 14:37 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-09-12 14:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-09-12 10:29 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-09-12 10:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  60. 2026-09-12 06:22 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-09-12 06:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-09-12 02:13 UTCVendor advisory
  63. 2026-09-12 02:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  64. 2026-09-11 22:04 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-09-11 22:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  66. 2026-09-11 18:49 UTCCISA KEV update
  67. 2026-09-11 17:56 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-09-11 17:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  69. 2026-09-11 13:48 UTCVendor advisory
  70. 2026-09-11 13:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  71. 2026-09-11 09:40 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-09-11 09:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  73. 2026-09-11 05:33 UTCVendor advisory
  74. 2026-09-11 05:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  75. 2026-09-11 01:24 UTCVendor advisory

Publicly available exploits

(10 references)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (10 GitHub PoCs). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • GitHub PoCsgkdev/ptrace_may_dream
    First seen May 20, 2026

    CVE-2026-31431-killed page-cache exploit — code exec into containers sharing the same image layer

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoC4xura/CVE-2026-31431-Copy-Fail
    First seen May 18, 2026

    Research artifacts, PoC scripts, and lab assets for the Copy Fail Linux local privilege escalation writeup on https://4xura.com/binex/kernel/copy-fail

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCPithase/asm-copyfail
    First seen May 17, 2026

    CVE-2026-31431 (Copy Fail) — Análisis y desarrollo en Ensamblador x86-64 | Analysis and development in x86-64 Assembly

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCKoshmare-Blossom/Copyfail-sh
    First seen May 13, 2026

    A Bash implementation of copyfail (CVE-2026-31431)

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoChaydenjames/CVE-2026-31431-check
    First seen May 9, 2026

    Read-only checker for CVE-2026-31431 (algif_aead local root). Reports kernel/module state and suggests mitigations.

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCinfiniroot/ansible-mitigate-copyfail-dirtyfrag
    First seen May 8, 2026

    Simple Ansible Playbook to mitigate against CopyFail (CVE-2026-31431) and DirtyFrag (CVE-2026-43284) vulnerabilities.

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCkrisiasty/vcheck
    First seen May 8, 2026

    Vulnerability detection and mitigation tool for Copy Fail and Dirty Frag bugs (CVE-2026-31431, CVE-2026-43284, CVE-2026-43500)

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCKaraZajac/DIRTYFAIL
    First seen May 8, 2026

    Detector + PoC for Linux page-cache write vulnerabilities: Copy Fail (CVE-2026-31431) and Dirty Frag (CVE-2026-43284/43500). Authorized security research only.

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCphilfry/cve-2026-31431-ftrace
    First seen May 6, 2026

    mitigation of cve-2026-31431 using ftrace

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCsgkdev/page_inject
    First seen May 6, 2026

    CVE-2026-31431-killed page-cache exploit — code exec into containers sharing the same image layer

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2026-31431?
CVE-2026-31431 is a critical vulnerability published on April 22, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place This mostly reverts commit 72548b093ee3 except for the copying of the associated data. There is no benefit in operating in-place in algif_aead since the source and destination…
When was CVE-2026-31431 disclosed?
CVE-2026-31431 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 22, 2026, with the most recent update on September 8, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-31431 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2026-31431 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on May 1, 2026, affecting Linux Kernel. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate patching attention.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-31431?
CVE-2026-31431 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0.
Which products are affected by CVE-2026-31431?
CVE-2026-31431 affects Linux Kernel. The full affected-products list, including version ranges and fixed versions, is shown in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2026-31431?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-31431, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-31431

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