CVE-2026-109256

MEDIUMNVD 6.56.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This medium-severity CVE scores 6.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.3% (24th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 5.3 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2026-10-12) is not newer than that change (2026-10-27), so it does not.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2026-97700 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-h8f2-6xfm-5cjf (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

6.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.3%CVSS: 6.5Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

FreeRDP 3.10.0 through 3.32.2 contains a heap buffer overflow in the WinPR png_write_data callback that writes past the buffer after a realloc failure. A malicious RDP clipboard peer can supply a large CF_DIB image that triggers out-of-bounds memcpy during PNG conversion, causing a client crash.

CVSS v3
6.5
EG Score
6.5MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
45
EG Risk 45/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity65% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 6.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.3%
EPSS %ILE
24th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (6.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 6.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
6.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-10). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

October 12, 2026

Last Modified

October 27, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 17, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github.
Web page

FreeRDP 3.10.0 through 3.32.2 Heap Buffer Overflow in WinPR PNG Conversion | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-3.10.0-through-3.32.2-heap-buffer-overflow-in-winpr-png-conversion
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Clipboard DIB-to-PNG conversion writes past the heap buffer after realloc failure · Advisory · FreeRDP/FreeRDP · GitHub

https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advisories/GHSA-wf3x-658c-52m5

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-109256(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.24(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
freerdp—
  • 3.10.0 up to 3.32.2-r0: fixed in 3.32.2-r0
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
freerdp22.10.0+dfsg1-1 ... 2.11.7+dfsg1-6~deb12u1 (13 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
freerdp33.15.0+dfsg-2.1 ... 3.32.2+dfsg-1 (50 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
freerdp33.15.0+dfsg-2.1 ... 3.31.1+dfsg-1~bpo13+1 (43 versions)
  • every version up to 3.32.0+dfsg-1: fixed in 3.32.0+dfsg-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 37× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  2. 2026-11-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  3. 2026-11-11 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  4. 2026-11-11 06:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-11 06:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h8f2-6xfm-5cjf · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  6. 2026-11-10 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  7. 2026-11-09 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  8. 2026-11-08 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  9. 2026-11-07 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  10. 2026-11-06 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  11. 2026-11-05 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  12. 2026-11-04 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  13. 2026-11-04 00:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-04 00:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h8f2-6xfm-5cjf · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  15. 2026-11-03 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  16. 2026-11-02 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  17. 2026-11-01 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  18. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  19. 2026-10-30 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  20. 2026-10-29 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  21. 2026-10-28 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  22. 2026-10-27 19:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored▲ 1.20
  23. 2026-10-27 19:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h8f2-6xfm-5cjf · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  24. 2026-10-27 19:05 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 6.5
  25. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
Show 25 more
  1. 2026-10-26 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  2. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  3. 2026-10-25 14:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  4. 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  5. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  6. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  7. 2026-10-21 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 17th percentile
  8. 2026-10-20 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  9. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  10. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  11. 2026-10-18 12:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-10-18 12:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h8f2-6xfm-5cjf · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  13. 2026-10-18 11:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-10-18 11:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h8f2-6xfm-5cjf · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  15. 2026-10-18 05:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  17. 2026-10-16 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  18. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  19. 2026-10-14 20:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-10-14 20:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h8f2-6xfm-5cjf · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  21. 2026-10-14 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  22. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  23. 2026-10-12 17:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-12 16:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scoredFirst assessed: 5.3 MEDIUM
  25. 2026-10-12 16:25 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked

Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)· as of November 11, 2026

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-109256?
CVE-2026-109256 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on October 12, 2026. FreeRDP 3.10.0 through 3.32.2 contains a heap buffer overflow in the WinPR png_write_data callback that writes past the buffer after a realloc failure. A malicious RDP clipboard peer can supply a large CF_DIB image that triggers out-of-bounds memcpy during PNG conversion, causing a client crash.
When was CVE-2026-109256 made public?
CVE-2026-109256 was made public on September 28, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, VulnCheck, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on October 12, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 27, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-109256 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-109256 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (24th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-109256?
CVE-2026-109256 has a CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-109256?
A fix for CVE-2026-109256 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-109256 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-109256

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-109256?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.

Book a Demo →Browse All CVEs