CVE-2026-61444

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-07-10. A secondary CVSS source baseline 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2026-42902 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp (GitHub Security Advisories) · PYSEC-2026-4256 (OSV.dev)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.5%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

PraisonAI versions before 4.6.78 contain a code injection vulnerability in deploy/api.py where the agents_file parameter is directly interpolated into an f-string without sanitization. Attackers can inject arbitrary Python code that executes when the generated server code runs via subprocess.Popen().

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
57
EG Risk 57/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.5%
EPSS %ILE
43rd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.5% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 10, 2026

Last Modified

October 25, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Code Injection via f-string Interpolation in Deploy API Server Generation · Advisory · MervinPraison/PraisonAI · GitHub

https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg
Web page

PraisonAI before 4.6.78 Code Injection via f-string | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/praisonai-before-code-injection-via-f-string

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-61444(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
PyPI(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
praisonai0.0.1 ... 4.6.9 (763 versions)
  • every version up to 4.6.78: fixed in 4.6.78
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 15× in last 7d / 59× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 460 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 360 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 00:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-13 00:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  3. 2026-11-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  4. 2026-11-11 22:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-11 22:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  6. 2026-11-11 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  7. 2026-11-10 20:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-10 20:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  9. 2026-11-10 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  10. 2026-11-09 17:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-09 17:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  12. 2026-11-09 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  13. 2026-11-08 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  14. 2026-11-08 15:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-08 15:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  16. 2026-11-07 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  17. 2026-11-07 12:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-07 12:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  19. 2026-11-06 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  20. 2026-11-06 13:55 UTCOSV refresh
  21. 2026-11-06 10:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-11-06 10:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  23. 2026-11-05 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  24. 2026-11-05 08:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-11-05 08:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-04 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  2. 2026-11-04 05:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-04 05:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  4. 2026-11-03 16:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  5. 2026-11-03 03:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-03 03:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  7. 2026-11-02 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  8. 2026-11-02 01:00 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-02 01:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  10. 2026-11-01 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  11. 2026-10-31 22:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-10-31 22:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  13. 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  14. 2026-10-30 20:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-10-30 20:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  16. 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  17. 2026-10-29 17:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-29 17:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  19. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  20. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  21. 2026-10-28 15:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-28 15:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  23. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  24. 2026-10-27 13:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  25. 2026-10-26 19:56 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-26 19:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  27. 2026-10-26 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  28. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  29. 2026-10-25 15:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  30. 2026-10-25 14:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  31. 2026-10-25 03:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  32. 2026-10-25 03:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  33. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  34. 2026-10-24 01:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-10-24 01:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  36. 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  37. 2026-10-22 23:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  38. 2026-10-22 23:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  39. 2026-10-22 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  40. 2026-10-21 20:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  41. 2026-10-21 20:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  42. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  43. 2026-10-20 18:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  44. 2026-10-20 18:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  45. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  46. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  47. 2026-10-19 15:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  48. 2026-10-19 15:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  49. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  50. 2026-10-18 13:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  51. 2026-10-18 03:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  53. 2026-10-17 11:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  54. 2026-10-17 11:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  55. 2026-10-16 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  56. 2026-10-16 08:37 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  57. 2026-10-16 08:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  58. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 46th percentile
  59. 2026-10-15 06:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  60. 2026-10-15 06:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  61. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  62. 2026-10-14 01:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  63. 2026-10-14 01:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  64. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  65. 2026-10-12 22:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  66. 2026-10-12 22:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  67. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  68. 2026-10-12 15:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  69. 2026-10-12 06:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vwv5-32vr-3jcp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  70. 2026-10-11 19:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  71. 2026-10-11 16:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  72. 2026-10-11 14:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  73. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  74. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile
  75. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 45th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-61444?
CVE-2026-61444 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 10, 2026. PraisonAI versions before 4.6.78 contain a code injection vulnerability in deploy/api.py where the agents_file parameter is directly interpolated into an f-string without sanitization. Attackers can inject arbitrary Python code that executes when the generated server code runs via…
When was CVE-2026-61444 made public?
CVE-2026-61444 was made public on June 25, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, VulnCheck, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on July 10, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 25, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-61444 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-61444 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.5% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (43rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-61444?
CVE-2026-61444 has a CVSS base score of 9.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-61444?
A fix for CVE-2026-61444 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-61444 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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