CVE-2026-47691

CRITICALNVD 10.010.0
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This critical-severity CVE scores 10.0 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.4% (31st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 8.7 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2026-06-08) is not newer than that change (2026-09-18), so it does not.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2026-36489 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

10.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.4%CVSS: 10.0Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, Netty's DnsResolveContext insufficiently validates the bailiwick of NS records, enabling DNS Cache Poisoning. An attacker controlling an authoritative name server for a subdomain can poison the cache for parent domains (like .co.uk). In io.netty.resolver.dns.DnsResolveContext.AuthoritativeNameServerList#add method accepts any NS record from the AUTHORITY section as long as the record's name is a suffix of the questionName. Subsequently, the handleWithAdditional method caches the associated A records from the ADDITIONAL section directly into the authoritativeDnsServerCache under the parent domain's key. This bypasses standard bailiwick rules, where a server authoritative for a subdomain should not be trusted to provide authoritative records for its parent. The poisoned cache is then used for all future resolutions under the parent domain's key. Versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final patch the issue.

CVSS v3
10.0
EG Score
10.0CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
45
EG Risk 45/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity100% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 10.0 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.4% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.4%
EPSS %ILE
31st
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (10.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 10.0 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
10.0 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

June 8, 2026

Last Modified

September 18, 2026

Advisory Details (13)

Auto-updated Nov 6, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_release, redhat.
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:48151
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:41951
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:37390
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34608
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26586
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26018
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26017
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Insufficient Bailiwick Validation for NS Records · Advisory · netty/netty · GitHub

https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85
GitHub release Patch Available

netty-4.2.15.Final

Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.2.15.Final

https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.2.15.Final
GitHub release Patch Available

netty-4.1.135.Final

Patch available: netty/netty netty-4.1.135.Final

https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.1.135.Final
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

cve-details

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-47691
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

2488439 – (CVE-2026-47691) CVE-2026-47691 io.netty/netty-resolver-dns: Netty has Insufficient Bailiwick Validation for NS Records

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2488439

Patch Availability(19)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulibnetty-java (1:4.1.48-9ubuntu0.2+esm2) @ noble2026-11-11ubuntu
redhatrhoai/odh-trustyai-service-rhel9:17917925252026-10-19redhat
redhatrh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.20-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso2026-10-06redhat
redhatrh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.20-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso2026-10-06redhat
redhatrh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.20-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso2026-10-06redhat
redhatnetty-resolver-dns2026-10-05redhat
redhatrh-sso-7/sso76-openshift-rhel8:7.6-852026-10-05redhat
redhatrhoai/odh-trustyai-service-rhel9:17881986812026-09-08redhat
redhatdevspaces/multicluster-redirector-rhel9:17877646432026-09-01redhat
redhateap7-wildfly-0:7.4.25-2.GA_redhat_00001.1.el7eap2026-08-11redhat
redhateap7-wildfly-0:7.4.25-2.GA_redhat_00001.1.el9eap2026-08-11redhat
redhateap7-wildfly-0:7.4.25-2.GA_redhat_00001.1.el8eap2026-08-11redhat
redhateap8-wildfly-0:8.1.7.1-1.GA_redhat_00004.1.el9eap2026-08-03redhat
redhatio.netty/netty-resolver-dns:4.1.135.Final-redhat-000012026-08-03redhat
redhatcryostat/jfr-datasource-rhel9:4.2.0-132026-07-29redhat
redhatpatch2026-06-25redhat
redhatpatch2026-06-25redhat
mavenio.netty:netty-resolver-dns @ 4.2.15.Final (fixes >= 4.2.0.Final, <= 4.2.14.Final)—ghsa
mavenio.netty:netty-resolver-dns @ 4.1.135.Final (fixes <= 4.1.134.Final)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
netty1:4.1.48-10 ... 1:4.1.48-9 (16 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
netty1:4.1.48-10 ... 1:4.1.48-9 (12 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
netty1:4.1.48-10 ... 1:4.1.48-16 (8 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
netty1:4.1.48-10 ... 1:4.1.48-16 (7 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
io.netty:netty-resolver-dns4.1.0.Beta4 ... 4.1.99.Final (147 versions)
  • 4.2.0.Final up to 4.2.15.Final: fixed in 4.2.15.Final
  • every version up to 4.1.135.Final: fixed in 4.1.135.Final
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(5)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 19× in last 7d / 70× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 504 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 404 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  2. 2026-11-13 01:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-13 01:47 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-11-13 01:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  5. 2026-11-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  6. 2026-11-11 23:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  7. 2026-11-11 23:40 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-11-11 23:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  9. 2026-11-11 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  10. 2026-11-10 21:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-10 21:23 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-11-10 21:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  13. 2026-11-10 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  14. 2026-11-09 19:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-09 19:15 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-11-09 19:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  17. 2026-11-09 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  18. 2026-11-08 17:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-11-08 17:07 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-11-08 17:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  21. 2026-11-08 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  22. 2026-11-07 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  23. 2026-11-07 15:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-11-07 15:01 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-11-07 15:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-06 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  2. 2026-11-06 12:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-06 12:53 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-11-06 12:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  5. 2026-11-06 10:25 UTCOSV refresh
  6. 2026-11-05 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  7. 2026-11-05 10:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-05 10:46 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-11-05 10:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  10. 2026-11-04 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  11. 2026-11-04 08:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-04 08:39 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-11-04 08:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  14. 2026-11-03 16:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  15. 2026-11-03 06:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-11-03 06:32 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-11-03 06:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  18. 2026-11-02 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  19. 2026-11-02 04:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-11-02 04:24 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-11-02 04:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  22. 2026-11-01 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  23. 2026-11-01 07:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-5pvg-856g-cp85 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.7
  24. 2026-11-01 07:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-11-01 02:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-11-01 02:16 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-10-31 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  28. 2026-10-31 00:09 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  29. 2026-10-31 00:09 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  31. 2026-10-29 22:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  32. 2026-10-29 22:03 UTCVendor advisory
  33. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  34. 2026-10-28 19:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-10-28 19:55 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 31st percentile
  37. 2026-10-27 17:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  38. 2026-10-27 17:49 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 30th percentile
  40. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 30th percentile
  41. 2026-10-26 15:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  42. 2026-10-26 15:42 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 30th percentile
  44. 2026-10-25 14:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  45. 2026-10-25 13:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  46. 2026-10-25 13:35 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 28th percentile
  48. 2026-10-24 11:29 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-24 11:29 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 28th percentile
  51. 2026-10-23 09:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-10-23 09:22 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 28th percentile
  54. 2026-10-22 07:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  55. 2026-10-22 07:13 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 28th percentile
  57. 2026-10-21 05:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  58. 2026-10-21 05:05 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 28th percentile
  60. 2026-10-20 02:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  61. 2026-10-20 02:58 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 28th percentile
  63. 2026-10-19 00:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  64. 2026-10-19 00:51 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 27th percentile
  66. 2026-10-18 03:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  67. 2026-10-17 22:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  68. 2026-10-17 22:42 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 27th percentile
  70. 2026-10-16 20:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  71. 2026-10-16 20:34 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 27th percentile
  73. 2026-10-15 17:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  74. 2026-10-15 17:55 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 27th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-47691?
CVE-2026-47691 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on June 8, 2026. Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, Netty's DnsResolveContext insufficiently validates the bailiwick of NS records, enabling DNS Cache Poisoning. An attacker controlling an authoritative name…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-47691 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-47691 was published on June 8, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 18, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-47691 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-47691 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (31st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-47691?
CVE-2026-47691 has a CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-47691?
A fix for CVE-2026-47691 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-47691 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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