CVE-2026-31678

HIGHNVD 7.87.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-04-25. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2026-25645 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

openvswitch: defer tunnel netdev_put to RCU release

ovs_netdev_tunnel_destroy() may run after NETDEV_UNREGISTER already detached the device. Dropping the netdev reference in destroy can race with concurrent readers that still observe vport->dev.

Do not release vport->dev in ovs_netdev_tunnel_destroy(). Instead, let vport_netdev_free() drop the reference from the RCU callback, matching the non-tunnel destroy path and avoiding additional synchronization under RTNL.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
35
EG Risk 35/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity78% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
2nd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-11). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

April 25, 2026

Last Modified

November 11, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated May 7, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

openvswitch: defer tunnel netdev_put to RCU release - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bbe7bd722bfaea36aab3da6cc60fb4a05c644643
Web page

openvswitch: defer tunnel netdev_put to RCU release - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b8c56a3fc5d879c0928f207a756b0f067f06c6a8
Web page

openvswitch: defer tunnel netdev_put to RCU release - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d56aced21fb9c104e8a3f3be9b21fbafe448ffc
Web page

openvswitch: defer tunnel netdev_put to RCU release - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98b726ab5e2a4811e27c28e4d041f75bba147eab
Web page

openvswitch: defer tunnel netdev_put to RCU release - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6931d21f87bc6d657f145798fad0bf077b82486c
Web page

openvswitch: defer tunnel netdev_put to RCU release - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/42f0d3d81209654c08ffdde5a34b9b92d2645896

Patch Availability(19)

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 7.2~rc5-1~exp1 (496 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
linux-6.16.1.106-3~deb11u1 ... 6.1.164-1~deb11u1 (16 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.170-1~deb11u1: fixed in 6.1.170-1~deb11u1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (48 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.170-1: fixed in 6.1.170-1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.85-1~bpo12+1 (17 versions)
  • every version up to 6.12.85-1: fixed in 6.12.85-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.19~rc8-1~exp1 (126 versions)
  • every version up to 6.19.11-1: fixed in 6.19.11-1
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(14)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 44× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 322 rows on record for this CVE, as 98 entries (2 repeats merged).

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 222 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  2. 2026-11-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  3. 2026-11-11 23:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  4. 2026-11-11 23:30 UTCVendor advisory
  5. 2026-11-11 23:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  6. 2026-11-11 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  7. 2026-11-10 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  8. 2026-11-09 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  9. 2026-11-08 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  10. 2026-11-07 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  11. 2026-11-06 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  12. 2026-11-06 13:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-11-06 13:44 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-11-06 13:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  15. 2026-11-05 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  16. 2026-11-04 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  17. 2026-11-03 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  18. 2026-11-02 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  19. 2026-11-01 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  20. 2026-10-31 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  21. 2026-10-30 13:26 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-30 13:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  23. 2026-10-30 12:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-30 12:30 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-30 12:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
Show 73 more
  1. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  2. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  3. 2026-10-27 18:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  4. 2026-10-27 18:45 UTCVendor advisory
  5. 2026-10-27 18:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  6. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  7. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  8. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  9. 2026-10-25 14:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  11. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  12. 2026-10-21 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  13. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  14. 2026-10-19 19:35 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-19 19:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  16. 2026-10-19 19:00 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-10-19 19:00 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-19 18:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  19. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  20. 2026-10-18 03:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-16 17:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-16 17:01 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-10-16 17:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  24. 2026-10-16 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  25. 2026-10-16 15:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-16 15:35 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-10-16 15:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9m6-8j85-qvqg · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  28. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  29. 2026-10-14 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  30. 2026-10-13 21:54 UTCOSV refresh
  31. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  32. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  33. 2026-10-12 16:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  34. 2026-10-11 19:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-10-11 17:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  36. 2026-10-11 14:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  38. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  39. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  40. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  41. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  42. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  43. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  44. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  45. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  46. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  47. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  48. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  49. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  50. 2026-09-26 00:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  51. 2026-09-23 08:23 UTCOSV refresh
  52. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  53. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  54. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  55. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  56. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  57. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  58. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  59. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  60. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  61. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  62. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  63. 2026-09-04 02:59 UTCOSV refresh
  64. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  65. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  66. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  67. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  68. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  69. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  70. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  71. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  72. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  73. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-31678?
CVE-2026-31678 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on April 25, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: openvswitch: defer tunnel netdev_put to RCU release ovs_netdev_tunnel_destroy() may run after NETDEV_UNREGISTER already detached the device. Dropping the netdev reference in destroy can race with concurrent readers that still…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-31678 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-31678 was published on April 25, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 11, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-31678 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-31678 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (2nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-31678?
CVE-2026-31678 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-31678?
A fix for CVE-2026-31678 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-31678 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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