CVE-2026-28783

CRITICALNVD 9.19.1—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.1 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.5%, top 62% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have allowAdminChanges enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility. Several PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1(medium)
EG Risk
46(Track)
EG Risk 46/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity91% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
39%
KEV
Not listed

Published

March 4, 2026

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_pr, github.
github Patch Available

Twig Function Blocklist Bypass · Advisory · craftcms/cms · GitHub

https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4
github_pr Patch Available

Disallow non-Closure arrow functions

Patch available: craftcms/cms 4.18.3 (PR #18208 merged 2026-01-02)

https://github.com/craftcms/cms/pull/18208

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Packagist(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
craftcms/cms4.0.0 ... 4.9.7 (229 versions)4.17.0-beta.1—

Weakness Classification(3)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 30× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-09-01 00:04 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 37 more
  1. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-08-14 08:36 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-13 00:20 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-11 23:16 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-08-11 13:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-11 05:49 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-09 17:37 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-09 08:13 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-07 20:06 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-08-06 02:41 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-08-04 02:39 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-08-02 19:00 UTCEG score recompute
  32. 2026-08-02 02:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-07-28 15:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-07-27 13:52 UTCEG score recompute

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-28783?
CVE-2026-28783 is a critical vulnerability published on March 4, 2026. Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.9.0-beta.1 and 4.17.0-beta.1, Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions. In order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either…
When was CVE-2026-28783 disclosed?
CVE-2026-28783 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on March 4, 2026, with the most recent update on June 17, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-28783 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-28783 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 60.6% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-28783?
CVE-2026-28783 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-28783?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-28783, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-28783

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-28783?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.

Start Free Scan →Browse All CVEs