A flaw was found in Keycloak. When an authenticated attacker attempts to merge accounts with another existing account during an identity provider (IdP) login, the attacker will subsequently be prompted to "review profile" information. This vulnerability allows the attacker to modify their email address to match that of a victim's account, triggering a verification email sent to the victim's email address. The attacker's email address is not present in the verification email content, making it a potential phishing opportunity. If the victim clicks the verification link, the attacker can gain access to the victim's account.
CVE-2025-7365
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
This high-severity CVE scores 7.1 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.3% (19th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 5.4 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2025-07-30) is not newer than that change (2026-08-31), so it does not.
Also known asEUVD-2025-20994 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-xhpr-465j-7p9q (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 7.1
- EG Score
- 7.1HIGHmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 32EG Risk 32/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity71% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation0.3% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines. - EPSS PROB
- 0.3%
- EPSS %ILE
- 19th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (7.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 7.1 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
- EG Likelihood
- 0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
July 10, 2025
Last Modified
August 31, 2026
Advisory Details (8)
Auto-updated May 6, 2026Disable email verification when email manually changed by idp review. by rmartinc · Pull Request #40520 · keycloak/keycloak · GitHub
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/pull/40520Review Profile makes users prone to phishing attacks · Issue #40446 · keycloak/keycloak · GitHub
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/issues/404462378852 – (CVE-2025-7365) CVE-2025-7365 keycloak: Phishing attack via email verification step in first login flow
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2378852Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-7365(5)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
- GHSA-xhpr-465j-7p9qGitHub Security AdvisoriesMedium
Keycloak phishing attack via email verification step in first login flow
- RHSA-2025:12016Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2.6 Images Security Update
- RHSA-2025:12015Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2.6 Security Update
- RHSA-2025:11986Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0.13 Images Update
- RHSA-2025:11987Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0.13 Update
Patch Availability(5)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| redhat | keycloak-services | 2025-07-29 | redhat |
| redhat | rhbk/keycloak-rhel9-operator:26.2-6 | 2025-07-29 | redhat |
| redhat | rhbk/keycloak-rhel9-operator:26.0-17 | 2025-07-28 | redhat |
| maven | org.keycloak:keycloak-services @ 26.0.13 (fixes < 26.0.13) | — | ghsa |
| maven | org.keycloak:keycloak-services @ 26.2.6 (fixes >= 26.2.0, < 26.2.6) | — | ghsa |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Maven(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| org.keycloak:keycloak-services | 26.2.0 ... 26.2.5 (6 versions) |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 38× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 100 of 248 rows on record for this CVE, as 99 entries (1 repeat merged).
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 148 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-13 16:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
- 2026-11-13 04:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-11-13 04:44 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-11-13 04:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xhpr-465j-7p9q · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
- 2026-11-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-11-11 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
- 2026-11-10 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
- 2026-11-09 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
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- 2026-11-06 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
- 2026-11-06 14:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-11-06 14:59 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-11-06 14:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xhpr-465j-7p9q · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
- 2026-11-05 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
- 2026-11-04 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
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- 2026-11-01 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
- 2026-11-01 08:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xhpr-465j-7p9q · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
- 2026-11-01 08:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
- 2026-10-31 01:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-10-31 01:14 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-30 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
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- 2026-10-29 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
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- 2026-10-25 16:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
- 2026-10-24 11:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-10-24 11:30 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
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- 2026-10-18 05:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-10-17 21:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-10-17 21:43 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
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- 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
- 2026-10-12 16:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
- 2026-10-11 20:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
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- 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
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- 2026-10-08 16:24 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
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- 2026-09-29 15:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
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- 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 16th percentile
- 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 16th percentile
- 2026-09-18 22:12 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 16th percentile
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- 2026-08-31 01:37 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-08-31 01:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-08-31 01:06 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
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- 2026-08-25 01:26 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
- 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
10 shownMaven:org.keycloak:keycloak-services
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2025-7365?
When was CVE-2025-7365 made public?
Is CVE-2025-7365 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-7365?
How do I remediate CVE-2025-7365?
Dependency Blast Radius
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