CVE-2025-11495

MEDIUMNVD 5.55.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.2% (15th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 3.3 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2025-10-08) is not newer than that change (2026-10-15), so it does not.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2025-33282 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-q93h-5j3x-2h4v (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

5.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.2%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A vulnerability was determined in GNU Binutils 2.45. The affected element is the function elf_x86_64_relocate_section of the file elf64-x86-64.c of the component Linker. This manipulation causes heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can only be executed locally. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Patch name: 6b21c8b2ecfef5c95142cbc2c32f185cb1c26ab0. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch.

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
41
EG Risk 41/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity55% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.2%
EPSS %ILE
15th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (5.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
5.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-07). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

October 8, 2025

Last Modified

October 15, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Oct 1, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

The GNU Operating System and the Free Software Movement

https://www.gnu.org/
Web page

33502 – [BUG] A SEGV in elf_x86_64_relocate_section at elf64-x86-64.c:4507

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33502#c3
Web page

33502 – [BUG] A SEGV in elf_x86_64_relocate_section at elf64-x86-64.c:4507

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33502

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-11495(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(2)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulibctf0 (2.38-4ubuntu2.12) @ jammy2026-10-01ubuntu
redhatbinutils-main-2.45.1-5.hum12026-04-08redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
binutils2.35.2-2 ... 2.47-2 (213 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
binutils2.40-2 ... 2.47.50.20261004-1 (127 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
binutils2.44-3 ... 2.47.50.20261004-1 (53 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
binutils2.44-3 ... 2.45.90.20260201-1 (33 versions)
  • every version up to 2.46-1: fixed in 2.46-1
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(1)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 34× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 254 rows on record for this CVE, as 96 entries (4 repeats merged).

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 154 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  2. 2026-11-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  3. 2026-11-11 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  4. 2026-11-10 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  5. 2026-11-09 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  6. 2026-11-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  7. 2026-11-07 20:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q93h-5j3x-2h4v · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 3.3
  8. 2026-11-07 20:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-07 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  10. 2026-11-06 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  11. 2026-11-05 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  12. 2026-11-04 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  13. 2026-11-03 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  14. 2026-11-02 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  15. 2026-11-01 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  16. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  17. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  18. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  19. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  20. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  21. 2026-10-27 16:25 UTCOSV refresh
  22. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  23. 2026-10-25 16:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  25. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  2. 2026-10-22 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  3. 2026-10-21 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  4. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  5. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  6. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  7. 2026-10-18 05:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-10-17 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  9. 2026-10-16 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  10. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  11. 2026-10-15 02:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-10-15 02:03 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-15 02:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q93h-5j3x-2h4v · GitHub CVSS 3.3
  14. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  15. 2026-10-13 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  16. 2026-10-12 17:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  18. 2026-10-11 20:56 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-11 19:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-10-11 15:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-11 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  22. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  23. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  24. 2026-10-08 17:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  25. 2026-10-08 15:09 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-08 15:09 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-10-08 15:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q93h-5j3x-2h4v · GitHub CVSS 3.3
  28. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  29. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  30. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  31. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  32. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  33. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  34. 2026-10-01 00:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored▲ 2.20
  35. 2026-10-01 00:07 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-10-01 00:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-q93h-5j3x-2h4v · GitHub CVSS 3.3
  37. 2026-09-30 23:28 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 5.5 · CVSS v4 → 1.9 · severity → MEDIUM
  38. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  39. 2026-09-29 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  40. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  41. 2026-09-27 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  42. 2026-09-26 15:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  43. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  44. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  45. 2026-09-22 14:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  46. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  47. 2026-09-19 15:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  48. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  49. 2026-09-16 15:39 UTCOSV refresh
  50. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  51. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 15th percentile
  52. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  53. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  54. 2026-09-12 14:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  55. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  56. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  57. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 14th percentile
  58. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  59. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  60. 2026-09-04 13:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
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  66. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  67. 2026-08-28 15:23 UTCOSV refresh
  68. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  69. 2026-08-26 14:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  70. 2026-08-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  71. 2026-08-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-11495?
CVE-2025-11495 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on October 8, 2025. A vulnerability was determined in GNU Binutils 2.45. The affected element is the function elf_x86_64_relocate_section of the file elf64-x86-64.c of the component Linker. This manipulation causes heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can only be executed locally. The exploit has been publicly…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-11495 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-11495 was published on October 8, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 15, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-11495 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-11495 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (15th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-11495?
CVE-2025-11495 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-11495?
A fix for CVE-2025-11495 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-11495 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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