CVE-2021-21351

CRITICALNVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.1 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 82% (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 5.4 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2021-03-22) is not newer than that change (2026-10-07), so it does not.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2021-0671 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 82%
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 82%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

XStream is a Java library to serialize objects to XML and back again. In XStream before version 1.4.16, there is a vulnerability may allow a remote attacker to load and execute arbitrary code from a remote host only by manipulating the processed input stream. No user is affected, who followed the recommendation to setup XStream's security framework with a whitelist limited to the minimal required types. If you rely on XStream's default blacklist of the Security Framework, you will have to use at least version 1.4.16.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
89
EG Risk 89/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation82% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
82%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
82% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

March 23, 2021

Last Modified

October 7, 2026

Advisory Details (10)

Auto-updated Oct 7, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github.
Web page

[SECURITY] [DSA 5004-1] libxstream-java security update

https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5004
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 34 Update: xstream-1.4.18-2.fc34 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QGXIU3YDPG6OGTDHMBLAFN7BPBERXREB/
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 35 Update: xstream-1.4.18-2.fc35 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PVPHZA7VW2RRSDCOIPP2W6O5ND254TU7/
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 33 Update: xstream-1.4.18-2.fc33 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/22KVR6B5IZP3BGQ3HPWIO2FWWCKT3DHP/
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 2616-1] libxstream-java security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/04/msg00002.html
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

XStream is vulnerable to an Arbitrary Code Execution attack · Advisory · x-stream/xstream · GitHub

https://github.com/x-stream/xstream/security/advisories/GHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c
Web page

XStream - Change History

http://x-stream.github.io/changes.html#1.4.16

Patch Availability(6)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulibxstream-java (1.4.11.1-1~18.04.2) @ bionic2026-11-11ubuntu
ubuntulibxstream-java (1.4.8-1ubuntu0.1+esm3) @ xenial2026-11-11ubuntu
redhatxstream2021-12-14redhat
redhatpatch2021-12-02redhat
redhatpatch2021-11-23redhat
mavencom.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream @ 1.4.16 (fixes < 1.4.16)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(6 across 6 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libxstream-java—
  • every version up to 1.4.15-2: fixed in 1.4.15-2
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libxstream-java—
  • every version up to 1.4.15-2: fixed in 1.4.15-2
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libxstream-java—
  • every version up to 1.4.15-2: fixed in 1.4.15-2
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libxstream-java—
  • every version up to 1.4.15-2: fixed in 1.4.15-2
—
Debian:9(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libxstream-java1.4.10-1 ... 1.4.9-2+deb9u1 (6 versions)
  • every version up to 1.4.11.1-1+deb9u2: fixed in 1.4.11.1-1+deb9u2
—
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream0.1 ... 1.4.9 (40 versions)
  • every version up to 1.4.16: fixed in 1.4.16
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(3)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 17× in last 7d / 57× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 186 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 86 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 10:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-13 10:23 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-13 10:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  4. 2026-11-12 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  5. 2026-11-12 09:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-12 09:23 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-11-12 09:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  8. 2026-11-11 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  9. 2026-11-11 08:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-11 08:36 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-11-11 08:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  12. 2026-11-10 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  13. 2026-11-10 07:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-10 07:49 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-11-10 07:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  16. 2026-11-09 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  17. 2026-11-09 07:02 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-09 07:02 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-11-09 07:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  20. 2026-11-08 06:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-11-08 06:16 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-11-08 06:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  23. 2026-11-07 05:29 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-11-07 05:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  25. 2026-11-06 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-06 04:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-06 04:42 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-06 04:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  4. 2026-11-05 03:56 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-05 03:56 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-11-05 03:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  7. 2026-11-04 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  8. 2026-11-04 03:09 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-04 03:09 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-11-04 03:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  11. 2026-11-03 15:25 UTCOSV refresh
  12. 2026-11-03 02:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-11-03 02:22 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-11-03 02:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  15. 2026-11-02 01:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-11-02 01:34 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-11-02 01:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  18. 2026-11-01 08:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-hrcp-8f3q-4w2c · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.4
  19. 2026-11-01 08:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-11-01 00:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-11-01 00:48 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-31 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  23. 2026-10-31 00:00 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-31 00:00 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-29 23:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-29 23:14 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-10-29 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  28. 2026-10-28 22:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  29. 2026-10-28 22:27 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-10-27 21:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  31. 2026-10-27 21:41 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-27 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  33. 2026-10-26 20:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  34. 2026-10-26 20:50 UTCVendor advisory
  35. 2026-10-26 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  36. 2026-10-25 18:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-25 18:05 UTCVendor advisory
  38. 2026-10-25 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  39. 2026-10-24 16:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-10-24 16:55 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-10-23 16:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  42. 2026-10-23 16:06 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-10-22 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  44. 2026-10-22 15:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  45. 2026-10-22 15:15 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-10-21 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  47. 2026-10-21 14:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  48. 2026-10-21 14:26 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-10-20 13:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-10-20 13:40 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-10-19 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  52. 2026-10-19 12:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  53. 2026-10-19 12:50 UTCVendor advisory
  54. 2026-10-18 11:19 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-10-18 09:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  56. 2026-10-17 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  57. 2026-10-17 10:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  58. 2026-10-17 10:20 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-16 09:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  60. 2026-10-16 09:32 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-10-15 08:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  62. 2026-10-15 08:43 UTCVendor advisory
  63. 2026-10-14 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  64. 2026-10-14 04:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  65. 2026-10-14 04:58 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-10-13 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  67. 2026-10-13 00:18 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-10-12 19:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  69. 2026-10-11 23:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  70. 2026-10-07 23:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  71. 2026-10-07 19:28 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored▲ 0.30
  72. 2026-10-07 19:28 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-10-07 19:19 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 9.1 · severity → CRITICAL
  74. 2026-10-07 19:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  75. 2026-10-07 19:03 UTCVendor advisory

Public detection templates

(1 reference)

A public Nuclei detection template is referenced for this CVE. A detection template checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code.

  • Nucleihttp/cves/2021/CVE-2021-21351.yaml
    Published Mar 29, 2023

    XStream <1.4.16 - Remote Code Execution

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2021-21351?
CVE-2021-21351 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on March 23, 2021. XStream is a Java library to serialize objects to XML and back again. In XStream before version 1.4.16, there is a vulnerability may allow a remote attacker to load and execute arbitrary code from a remote host only by manipulating the processed input stream. No user is affected, who followed the…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2021-21351 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2021-21351 was published on March 23, 2021. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 7, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2021-21351 actively exploited?
CVE-2021-21351 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 82% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-21351?
CVE-2021-21351 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2021-21351?
A fix for CVE-2021-21351 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2021-21351 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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