CVE-2026-95860

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-11-10. A secondary CVSS source baseline 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2026-116210 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-xggf-m53x-jc3f (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

node-opcua is an OPC UA implementation for TypeScript and Node.js. From 2.42.0 until 2.180.0, namespace-level access control configured through setDefaultRolePermissions is not honored by the runtime enforcement path for nodes without explicit per-node RolePermissions. SessionContext.getApplicableRolePermissions reads a missing or null DefaultRolePermissions metadata value instead of the configured namespace field, and the null result is treated permissively. An anonymous network client can consequently write variables with CurrentWrite access or call bound methods when an operator configured a restrictive namespace default and relied on inheritance. Servers with no declared policy, nodes with explicit per-node permissions, and correctly bound programmatic namespace metadata are outside the authorization-bypass case. This issue is fixed in version 2.180.0.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
72
EG Risk 72/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
48th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-11). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

November 3, 2026

Last Modified

November 7, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Nov 3, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit, github_pr, github_release.
GitHub release Patch Available

v2.180.0: An Array of Reasonable Size

Patch available: node-opcua/node-opcua v2.180.0

https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/releases/tag/v2.180.0
GitHub commit

commit 0261e8739008 (node-opcua/node-opcua)

Fix landed in node-opcua/node-opcua commit 0261e8739008 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/commit/0261e873900800983c622e01120f484dc6063698
GitHub pull request

fix(address-space): honour namespace default role permissions on the enforcement path

Fix merged in node-opcua/node-opcua PR #1580 on 2026-08-28 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/pull/1580
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)🟡 PoC Available

OPCGate: Namespace-Level RBAC Fail-Open - Anonymous Write/Call Bypass via Unbound `DefaultRolePermissions` · Advisory · node-opcua/node-opcua · GitHub

https://github.com/node-opcua/node-opcua/security/advisories/GHSA-xggf-m53x-jc3f

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-95860(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
npmnode-opcua @ 2.180.0 (fixes >= 2.42.0, < 2.180.0)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(3 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(3)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
node-opcua—
  • 2.42.0 up to 2.180.0: fixed in 2.180.0
—
node-opcua-address-space—
  • 2.42.0 up to 2.180.0: fixed in 2.180.0
—
node-opcua-server—
  • 2.42.0 up to 2.180.0: fixed in 2.180.0
—

Weakness Classification(4)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 15× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-11-12 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  2. 2026-11-12 12:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-12 12:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xggf-m53x-jc3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  4. 2026-11-11 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  5. 2026-11-11 14:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xggf-m53x-jc3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  6. 2026-11-10 16:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  7. 2026-11-10 16:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xggf-m53x-jc3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  8. 2026-11-10 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  9. 2026-11-09 22:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-09 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  11. 2026-11-09 00:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-08 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  13. 2026-11-08 02:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-07 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  15. 2026-11-07 04:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-11-07 03:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-11-06 22:55 UTCOSV refresh
  18. 2026-11-06 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  19. 2026-11-05 17:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-11-05 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  21. 2026-11-04 19:28 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-11-04 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
  23. 2026-11-03 21:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-11-03 21:03 UTCENISA EUVD ID recordedEUVD-2026-116210 · Source: ENISA EUVD
  25. 2026-11-03 20:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scoredFirst assessed: 9.1 CRITICAL
Show 1 more
  1. 2026-11-03 20:21 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-95860?
CVE-2026-95860 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on November 3, 2026. node-opcua is an OPC UA implementation for TypeScript and Node.js. From 2.42.0 until 2.180.0, namespace-level access control configured through setDefaultRolePermissions is not honored by the runtime enforcement path for nodes without explicit per-node RolePermissions.…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-95860 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-95860 was published on November 3, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 7, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-95860 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-95860 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (48th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-95860?
CVE-2026-95860 has a CVSS base score of 9.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-95860?
A fix for CVE-2026-95860 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-95860 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-95860

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