CVE-2026-85437

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-09-04. A secondary CVSS source baseline 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source

Also known asEUVD-2026-70803 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationThe upstream fix is not in a release yet: until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.4%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

An upstream fix is merged but not yet released — mitigate (WAF / firewall / segmentation) until the release ships, then apply it.

MOOS-IvP through 24.8.1 contains multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities in IvP function string decoders that trust attacker-controlled length fields without validation. Attackers can craft malicious encoded strings with mismatched declared and actual field lengths to overflow heap and stack buffers, potentially achieving remote code execution through MOOS variables or alog files.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
60
EG Risk 60/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation1.4% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it.
EPSS PROB
1.4%
EPSS %ILE
73rd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
1.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-11). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 3, 2026

Last Modified

October 14, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Nov 8, 2026
Upstream fix merged — awaiting tagged release. Sources: github_commit, github_pr.
Web page

MOOS-IvP through 24.8.1 Buffer Overflow in IvP Function String Decoders | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/moos-ivp-through-24.8.1-buffer-overflow-in-ivp-function-string-decoders
GitHub pull request

Bound the BHV_IPF decoder copies and scans

Fix merged in moos-ivp/moos-ivp PR #125 on 2026-10-03 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/moos-ivp/moos-ivp/pull/125
GitHub commit

commit 81ca795fcfd6 (moos-ivp/moos-ivp)

Fix landed in moos-ivp/moos-ivp commit 81ca795fcfd6 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/moos-ivp/moos-ivp/commit/81ca795fcfd62b42002d277f5a2390f4c8ab8c7f
Web page

moos-ivp/ivp/src/lib_ivpbuild/FunctionEncoder.cpp at 1de9ae146cd63c209e8c3fd81611a4ed2472971b · moos-ivp/moos-ivp · GitHub

https://github.com/moos-ivp/moos-ivp/blob/1de9ae146cd63c209e8c3fd81611a4ed2472971b/ivp/src/lib_ivpbuild/FunctionEncoder.cpp#L310
Web page

GitHub - moos-ivp/moos-ivp: MOOS-IvP is a set of modules for providing autonomy on robotic platforms, in particular autonomous marine vehicles. · GitHub

https://github.com/moos-ivp/moos-ivp

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-85437(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 14× in last 7d / 60× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 371 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 271 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  2. 2026-11-12 14:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-12 14:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-11-11 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  5. 2026-11-11 13:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-11 13:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  7. 2026-11-10 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  8. 2026-11-10 13:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-10 13:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-11-09 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  11. 2026-11-09 12:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-09 12:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-11-08 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  14. 2026-11-08 11:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-08 11:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  16. 2026-11-07 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  17. 2026-11-07 10:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-07 10:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  19. 2026-11-06 20:25 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-11-06 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  21. 2026-11-06 09:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-11-06 09:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  23. 2026-11-05 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  24. 2026-11-05 09:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-11-05 09:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-04 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  2. 2026-11-04 08:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-04 08:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-11-03 16:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  5. 2026-11-03 07:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-03 07:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  7. 2026-11-02 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  8. 2026-11-02 06:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-02 06:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-11-01 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  11. 2026-11-01 06:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-01 06:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  14. 2026-10-31 05:19 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-10-31 05:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  16. 2026-10-30 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  17. 2026-10-30 04:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-30 04:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  19. 2026-10-29 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  20. 2026-10-29 03:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-29 03:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-10-28 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  23. 2026-10-28 02:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-28 02:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  26. 2026-10-27 02:04 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  27. 2026-10-27 02:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  28. 2026-10-26 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  29. 2026-10-25 21:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-25 21:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  31. 2026-10-25 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  32. 2026-10-25 13:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  33. 2026-10-24 20:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  34. 2026-10-24 20:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  35. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  36. 2026-10-23 19:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-23 19:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  38. 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 73rd percentile
  39. 2026-10-22 18:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-10-22 18:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  41. 2026-10-22 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  42. 2026-10-21 18:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-10-21 18:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  44. 2026-10-21 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  45. 2026-10-20 17:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  46. 2026-10-20 17:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  47. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  48. 2026-10-20 07:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-20 07:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  50. 2026-10-19 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  51. 2026-10-19 06:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-10-19 06:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  53. 2026-10-18 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  54. 2026-10-18 05:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  55. 2026-10-18 03:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  56. 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  57. 2026-10-17 04:04 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  58. 2026-10-17 04:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  59. 2026-10-16 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  60. 2026-10-16 03:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  61. 2026-10-16 03:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  62. 2026-10-15 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  63. 2026-10-14 23:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  64. 2026-10-14 23:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  65. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  66. 2026-10-14 01:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  67. 2026-10-14 01:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  68. 2026-10-13 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  69. 2026-10-12 21:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  70. 2026-10-12 21:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  71. 2026-10-12 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  72. 2026-10-12 14:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  73. 2026-10-12 05:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g7c8-266j-mgr2 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  74. 2026-10-11 19:17 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  75. 2026-10-11 16:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-85437?
CVE-2026-85437 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 3, 2026. MOOS-IvP through 24.8.1 contains multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities in IvP function string decoders that trust attacker-controlled length fields without validation. Attackers can craft malicious encoded strings with mismatched declared and actual field lengths to overflow heap and stack…
When was CVE-2026-85437 made public?
CVE-2026-85437 was made public on September 2, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, VulnCheck, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on September 3, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 14, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-85437 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-85437 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (73rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-85437?
CVE-2026-85437 has a CVSS base score of 9.8 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-85437?
An upstream fix for CVE-2026-85437 has been merged but is not yet in a tagged release. Until it ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation, then update to the release that contains the fix. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-85437 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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