CVE-2026-84465

HIGHPre-NVD 7.17.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This high-severity CVE scores 7.1 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.1% (2nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source

Also known asEUVD-2026-87265 (ENISA EUVD)Source: ENISA EUVD

7.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 7.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.1.2, when Zammad checks the digital signature on an incoming S/MIME-signed email, it does not verify that the signing certificate is genuinely trusted, it only checks whether a certificate with a matching name is already stored in the system. An attacker can create their own certificate using the name of a real, previously trusted sender and use it to send a forged email. Zammad will display that email with the same "validly signed" indicator as a genuine message from the real sender, even though the attacker never had access to that sender's actual certificate or private key. This issue is fixed in version 7.1.2.

CVSS
7.1
EG Score
7.1HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
47
EG Risk 47/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity71% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
2nd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.1 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source
EG Likelihood
0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-11). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 25, 2026

Last Modified

September 29, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Sep 25, 2026
Fix named in the CVE record. Sources: github, github_commit.
GitHub commit

commit 9a07d0b8214a (zammad/zammad)

Fix landed in zammad/zammad commit 9a07d0b8214a — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/zammad/zammad/commit/9a07d0b8214ac4e8e10c23fce71d613bd0625524
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

S/MIME signature verification allows forged sender impersonation · Advisory · zammad/zammad · GitHub

https://github.com/zammad/zammad/security/advisories/GHSA-m9ff-hjr3-93h4

Weakness Classification(3)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 26× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-11-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  2. 2026-11-12 08:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-11 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  4. 2026-11-10 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  5. 2026-11-09 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  6. 2026-11-08 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  7. 2026-11-07 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  8. 2026-11-06 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  9. 2026-11-05 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  10. 2026-11-04 22:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-04 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  12. 2026-11-03 16:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  13. 2026-11-02 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  14. 2026-11-01 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  15. 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  16. 2026-10-30 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  17. 2026-10-29 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  18. 2026-10-28 12:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-26 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  20. 2026-10-25 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 2nd percentile
  21. 2026-10-25 13:56 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  23. 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  24. 2026-10-22 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  25. 2026-10-21 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
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  1. 2026-10-20 18:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  3. 2026-10-18 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  4. 2026-10-18 03:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-10-16 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  6. 2026-10-15 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  7. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  8. 2026-10-13 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  9. 2026-10-13 05:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-10-12 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  11. 2026-10-12 14:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-10-11 19:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-10-11 16:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-10-11 13:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  16. 2026-10-11 04:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  18. 2026-10-10 02:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  20. 2026-10-09 00:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-08 17:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  22. 2026-10-08 11:56 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  24. 2026-10-06 20:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  26. 2026-10-05 18:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  27. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  28. 2026-10-05 05:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  29. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  30. 2026-10-03 14:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  31. 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  32. 2026-10-03 01:56 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  33. 2026-10-02 17:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  34. 2026-10-02 00:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  36. 2026-09-30 21:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-09-30 15:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  38. 2026-09-29 19:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  39. 2026-09-29 18:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-09-29 16:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  41. 2026-09-29 03:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  42. 2026-09-28 14:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-09-28 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  44. 2026-09-27 23:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  45. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  46. 2026-09-26 21:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 1st percentile
  48. 2026-09-25 19:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-09-25 18:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scoredFirst assessed: 7.1 HIGH
  50. 2026-09-25 18:30 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-84465?
CVE-2026-84465 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 25, 2026. Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.1.2, when Zammad checks the digital signature on an incoming S/MIME-signed email, it does not verify that the signing certificate is genuinely trusted, it only checks whether a certificate with a matching name is already…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-84465 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-84465 was published on September 25, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 29, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-84465 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-84465 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (2nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-84465?
CVE-2026-84465 has a CVSS base score of 7.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-84465?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-84465 names the fix: "This issue is fixed in version 7.1.2."

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