CVE-2026-79675

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-09-01. A secondary CVSS source baseline 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2026-65525 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-3h2g-j4wp-7qqq (GitHub Security Advisories) · GHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 (GitHub Security Advisories) · PYSEC-2026-3749 (OSV.dev)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.8%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

NLTK before 3.10.3 fails to validate JVM options passed through the per-call options parameter in the java() function, allowing attackers to inject dangerous JVM flags. Attackers can supply malicious options like -agentpath, -javaagent, or @argfile to Stanford wrapper classes to achieve arbitrary code execution.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
75
EG Risk 75/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.8%
EPSS %ILE
56th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.8% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 25, 2026

Last Modified

September 1, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 31, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github.
Web page

NLTK before 3.10.3 JVM Argument Injection via Per-Call Options | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nltk-before-jvm-argument-injection-via-per-call-options
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)🟡 PoC Available

JVM argument injection bypass via per-call options in the NLTK Stanford wrappers (incomplete fix of CVE-2026-12841) · Advisory · nltk/nltk · GitHub

https://github.com/nltk/nltk/security/advisories/GHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3

Patch Availability(5)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatrhoai/odh-workbench-jupyter-pytorch-llmcompressor-cuda-py312-rhel9:17918671892026-10-21redhat
redhatrhoai/odh-trustyai-nemo-guardrails-server-rhel9:17915666312026-10-21redhat
redhatrhoai/odh-trustyai-nemo-guardrails-server-rhel9:17915561282026-10-19redhat
redhatrhoai/odh-llama-stack-core-rhel9:17891212862026-09-30redhat
pipnltk @ 3.10.3 (fixes <= 3.10.2)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
nltk3.10.0-1 ... 3.9.3-1 (9 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
nltk3.10.0-1 ... 3.9.3-1 (6 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
nltk3.10.0-1, 3.10.1-1, 3.9.1-2, 3.9.2-1, 3.9.3-1
  • every version up to 3.10.3-1: fixed in 3.10.3-1
—
PyPI(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
nltk0.8 ... 3.9b1 (68 versions)
  • every version up to 3.10.3: fixed in 3.10.3
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 22× in last 7d / 72× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 295 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 195 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 05:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-13 05:07 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-13 05:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-11-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  5. 2026-11-12 04:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-12 04:24 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-11-12 04:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  8. 2026-11-11 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  9. 2026-11-11 03:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-11 03:35 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-11-11 03:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  12. 2026-11-10 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  13. 2026-11-10 02:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-10 02:52 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-11-10 02:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  16. 2026-11-09 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  17. 2026-11-09 02:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-09 02:10 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-11-09 02:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  20. 2026-11-08 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  21. 2026-11-08 01:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-11-08 01:26 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-11-08 01:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  24. 2026-11-07 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  25. 2026-11-07 00:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-07 00:43 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-11-07 00:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-11-06 18:55 UTCOSV refresh
  4. 2026-11-06 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  5. 2026-11-06 00:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-06 00:01 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-11-06 00:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  8. 2026-11-05 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  9. 2026-11-04 23:19 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-04 23:19 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-11-04 23:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  12. 2026-11-04 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  13. 2026-11-03 22:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-03 22:36 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-11-03 22:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  16. 2026-11-03 16:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  17. 2026-11-02 21:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-02 21:50 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-11-02 21:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  20. 2026-11-02 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  21. 2026-11-01 21:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-11-01 21:07 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-11-01 21:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  24. 2026-11-01 07:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-11-01 07:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-31 20:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  27. 2026-10-31 20:24 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  29. 2026-10-30 19:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-30 19:42 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-10-30 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  32. 2026-10-29 18:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  33. 2026-10-29 18:57 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-10-29 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  35. 2026-10-28 18:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  36. 2026-10-28 18:14 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-10-28 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  38. 2026-10-27 17:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  39. 2026-10-27 17:26 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  41. 2026-10-26 16:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  42. 2026-10-26 16:43 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-10-26 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  44. 2026-10-25 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  45. 2026-10-25 15:44 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-10-25 13:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  48. 2026-10-24 14:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-24 14:58 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  51. 2026-10-23 14:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-10-23 14:16 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-10-22 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  54. 2026-10-22 13:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  55. 2026-10-22 13:33 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  57. 2026-10-21 12:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  58. 2026-10-21 12:50 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  60. 2026-10-20 12:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  61. 2026-10-20 12:07 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-10-19 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  63. 2026-10-19 11:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  64. 2026-10-19 11:18 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-10-18 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  66. 2026-10-18 08:40 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-10-18 03:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  68. 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  69. 2026-10-17 07:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  70. 2026-10-17 07:55 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-10-16 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  72. 2026-10-16 07:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  73. 2026-10-16 07:11 UTCVendor advisory
  74. 2026-10-15 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  75. 2026-10-15 05:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-79675?
CVE-2026-79675 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 25, 2026. NLTK before 3.10.3 fails to validate JVM options passed through the per-call options parameter in the java() function, allowing attackers to inject dangerous JVM flags. Attackers can supply malicious options like -agentpath, -javaagent, or @argfile to Stanford wrapper classes to achieve arbitrary…
When was CVE-2026-79675 made public?
CVE-2026-79675 was made public on August 11, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, VulnCheck, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on August 25, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 1, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-79675 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-79675 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.8% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (56th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-79675?
CVE-2026-79675 has a CVSS base score of 9.8 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-79675?
A fix for CVE-2026-79675 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-79675 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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