CVE-2026-72844

MEDIUMPre-NVD 6.36.3
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

Score 6.3 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2026-08-20. a secondary CVSS source baseline 6.3; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, secondary
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekElevated
6.3EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 6.3Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

The Lean 4 kernel does not verify that the structure named in a projection expression matches the type of the value being projected, and environment::add_inductive in src/kernel/inductive.cpp did not type check the nested inductive applications that are replaced by auxiliary types, so their parametric arguments escaped checking. A metaprogram running in the Lean process can register an ill-typed nested inductive whose constructor applies a .proj C 0 projection to a value of the unrelated type W, and the kernel admits the declaration through the ordinary checked addDecl path at maximum kernel checking, without sorry, unsafeCast, debug.skipKernelTC, addDeclWithoutChecking, FFI, or a modified .olean file. The result is a type confusion yielding a proof of False that carries no axioms, from which any proposition can be derived. The published proof of concept additionally pads two expressions until their hashes and approximate depths collide, which defeats kernel caching; that is the technique used to reach the flaw, not its cause. Exploitation requires running a metaprogram in-process, for example by building a project or importing a malicious Lake dependency.

CVSS v3
6.3
EG Score
6.3(high)
EG Risk
44(Track)
EG Risk 44/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity63% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
8%
KEV
Not listed

Published

August 20, 2026

Last Modified

August 21, 2026

Advisory Details (8)

Auto-updated Aug 20, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Upstream fix merged — awaiting tagged release. Sources: github_commit, github_pr.
generic🟡 PoC Available

Lean 4 Kernel Type Checking Bypass via Mismatched Structure Projections | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/lean-4-kernel-type-checking-bypass-via-mismatched-structure-projections
generic

GitHub - leanprover/lean4: Lean 4 programming language and theorem prover · GitHub

https://github.com/leanprover/lean4
generic🟡 PoC Available

oss-security - Lean 4 kernel soundness bug: forging proofs via nested inductive projections (0 = 1 demonstrated)

https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/08/02/1
generic

GitHub - xrchz/CollatzLean: Collatz conjecture in Lean · GitHub

https://github.com/xrchz/CollatzLean
generic

GitHub - endrazine/lean-cve-poc: Example of proving "0 = 1" using a vulnerability in the Lean 4 kernel. · GitHub

https://github.com/endrazine/lean-cve-poc
github_pr

fix: missing check at kernel inductive declaration

Fix merged in leanprover/lean4 PR #14577 on 2026-07-28 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/14577
github_commit

commit a39eab69e1ee (leanprover/lean4)

Fix landed in leanprover/lean4 commit a39eab69e1ee — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/commit/a39eab69e1eee9ad38f4efe507907b1026a77808
generic

Kernel accepts wrong-structure projections, allowing an axiom-free proof of False · Issue #14576 · leanprover/lean4 · GitHub

https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/issues/14576

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-72844(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 16× in last 7d / 83× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-09-19 10:12 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-09-19 10:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-18 11:32 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-09-18 11:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-09-17 13:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-09-16 14:29 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-09-16 14:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-15 15:13 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-09-15 15:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-09-15 03:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-14 16:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-09-13 18:16 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-09-13 18:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-09-12 19:56 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-09-12 19:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-09-12 15:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-09-11 21:36 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-09-11 21:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-09-10 23:15 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-09-10 23:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-09-10 09:35 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 61 more
  1. 2026-09-10 00:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-09-09 01:57 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-09-09 01:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-09-08 22:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-07 18:54 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-09-07 18:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-09-06 20:34 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-09-06 20:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-09-06 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-05 22:13 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-09-05 22:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-09-04 23:51 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-09-04 23:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-09-04 05:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-04 00:05 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-09-03 00:57 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-09-03 00:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-09-02 02:37 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-09-02 02:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-09-01 04:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-09-01 04:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-09-01 04:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-08-31 05:54 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-08-31 05:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-08-30 19:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-08-30 07:34 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-08-30 07:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-08-29 09:14 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-29 09:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  34. 2026-08-28 21:42 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-08-28 10:51 UTCEG score recompute
  36. 2026-08-28 10:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  37. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-08-27 12:31 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-08-27 12:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-08-26 14:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-08-26 14:11 UTCGHSA enrichment
  42. 2026-08-25 15:46 UTCEG score recompute
  43. 2026-08-25 15:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-08-24 17:26 UTCEG score recompute
  46. 2026-08-24 17:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-08-23 19:06 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-08-23 19:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  49. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-08-22 20:46 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-08-22 20:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  52. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-08-21 22:26 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-08-21 22:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  55. 2026-08-21 22:00 UTCEG score recompute
  56. 2026-08-21 22:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  57. 2026-08-21 11:30 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-08-21 11:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  59. 2026-08-20 18:17 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-08-20 17:32 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-08-20 17:31 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked

Publicly available exploits

(1 reference)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (1 GitHub PoC). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • GitHub PoCendrazine/lean-cve-poc
    First seen Aug 2, 2026

    CVE-2026-72844 : Example of proving "0 = 1" using a vulnerability in the Lean 4 kernel.

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-72844?
CVE-2026-72844 is a medium vulnerability published on August 20, 2026. The Lean 4 kernel does not verify that the structure named in a projection expression matches the type of the value being projected, and environment::add_inductive in src/kernel/inductive.cpp did not type check the nested inductive applications that are replaced by auxiliary types, so their…
When was CVE-2026-72844 disclosed?
CVE-2026-72844 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on August 20, 2026, with the most recent update on August 21, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-72844 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-72844 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 91.8% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-72844?
CVE-2026-72844 has a CVSS v3 base score of 6.3 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-72844?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-72844, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2026-72844

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