CVE-2026-72320

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-08-15. A secondary CVSS source baseline 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source

Also known asEUVD-2026-59219 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups

nft_lookup_eval() decides whether a lookup matched (found) from the direct set lookup and priv->invert before falling back to the catchall element used by interval sets (e.g. nft_set_rbtree) for the open-ended default range. Since found is never recomputed after ext is replaced by the catchall lookup, inverted lookups (NFT_LOOKUP_F_INV, "!= @set") can wrongly match or wrongly skip the catchall element, producing the wrong verdict. Fold the catchall lookup into ext before computing found, matching the order already used by nft_objref_map_eval().

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
56
EG Risk 56/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.6% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
47th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 15, 2026

Last Modified

October 30, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef0c7d4b04a0e6ad175323c24bc84e11470dd79d
Web page

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e6107a4c74b54cb33e3bce162a63048ae5a6b198
Web page

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/238c612357b5a25f03eacf356f95034f8551f218
Web page

netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ab8880865f9678eb6174e72c1fc4712e44c745c

Patch Availability(12)

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 7.3~rc7-1~exp1 (371 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.96-1 (31 versions)
  • every version up to 6.12.100-1: fixed in 6.12.100-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 7.1~rc7-1~exp1 (161 versions)
  • every version up to 7.1.5-1: fixed in 7.1.5-1
—

Additional Vendor Advisories

(9)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 23× in last 7d / 104× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 558 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 458 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  2. 2026-11-13 07:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-13 07:21 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-11-13 07:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  5. 2026-11-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  6. 2026-11-12 09:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  7. 2026-11-12 09:15 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-11-12 09:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  9. 2026-11-11 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  10. 2026-11-11 11:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-11 11:16 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-11-11 11:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  13. 2026-11-10 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  14. 2026-11-10 13:17 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-10 13:17 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-11-10 13:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  17. 2026-11-09 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  18. 2026-11-09 15:17 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-11-09 15:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  20. 2026-11-08 17:19 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-11-08 17:19 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-11-08 17:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  23. 2026-11-08 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  24. 2026-11-07 19:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-11-07 19:20 UTCVendor advisory
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-07 19:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  2. 2026-11-07 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  3. 2026-11-06 21:19 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  4. 2026-11-06 21:19 UTCVendor advisory
  5. 2026-11-06 21:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  6. 2026-11-06 16:55 UTCOSV refresh
  7. 2026-11-06 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  8. 2026-11-05 23:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-05 23:20 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-11-05 23:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  11. 2026-11-05 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  12. 2026-11-05 01:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-11-05 01:21 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-11-05 01:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  15. 2026-11-04 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  16. 2026-11-04 03:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-11-04 03:22 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-11-04 03:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  19. 2026-11-03 16:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  20. 2026-11-03 05:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-11-03 05:23 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-11-03 05:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  23. 2026-11-02 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  24. 2026-11-02 07:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-11-02 07:24 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-11-02 07:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  27. 2026-11-01 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  28. 2026-11-01 09:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  29. 2026-11-01 09:25 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-11-01 09:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  31. 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
  32. 2026-10-31 11:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  33. 2026-10-31 11:26 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-10-31 11:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  35. 2026-10-30 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  36. 2026-10-30 13:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-30 13:27 UTCVendor advisory
  38. 2026-10-30 13:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  39. 2026-10-30 12:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-10-30 12:42 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-10-30 12:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  42. 2026-10-30 00:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-10-30 00:05 UTCVendor advisory
  44. 2026-10-30 00:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  45. 2026-10-29 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  46. 2026-10-29 02:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-10-29 02:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  48. 2026-10-28 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  49. 2026-10-28 04:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-10-28 04:05 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-10-28 04:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  52. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  53. 2026-10-27 05:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  54. 2026-10-27 05:51 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-10-27 05:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  56. 2026-10-26 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  57. 2026-10-26 03:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  58. 2026-10-26 03:50 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-26 03:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  60. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  61. 2026-10-25 14:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  62. 2026-10-25 05:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  63. 2026-10-25 05:51 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-10-25 05:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  65. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  66. 2026-10-24 07:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  67. 2026-10-24 07:52 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-10-24 07:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  69. 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  70. 2026-10-23 09:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  71. 2026-10-23 09:51 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-10-23 09:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xm9x-r949-vc7p · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  73. 2026-10-22 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  74. 2026-10-22 11:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  75. 2026-10-22 11:49 UTCVendor advisory

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-72320?
CVE-2026-72320 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 15, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups nft_lookup_eval() decides whether a lookup matched (found) from the direct set lookup and priv->invert before falling back to the catchall element used by…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-72320 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-72320 was published on August 15, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 30, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-72320 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-72320 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (47th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-72320?
CVE-2026-72320 has a CVSS base score of 9.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-72320?
A fix for CVE-2026-72320 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-72320 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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