WebAssembly Micro Runtime (WAMR) is a lightweight standalone WebAssembly (Wasm) runtime. Prior to 2.4.5, load_init_expr in core/iwasm/interpreter/wasm_loader.c accepts a non-reference heap-type byte for ref.null when WASM_ENABLE_GC=0, while the local WASMValue cur_value union is not zero-initialized and setting ref_index writes only part of it. A crafted module can declare an i64, f64, or v128 global initialized through the invalid ref.null form, causing push_const_expr_stack and the later global initialization path to copy uninitialized host-stack bytes into a value readable by the guest. The classic and fast interpreters are affected in the default no-GC configuration; the GC-enabled path validates heap types. The disclosure is four bytes for i64 or f64 globals and up to twelve bytes for each v128 global. This issue is fixed in version 2.4.5.
CVE-2026-54913
“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.
This medium-severity CVE scores 6.9 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.3% (23rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.
Also known asEUVD-2026-117616 (ENISA EUVD)Source: ENISA EUVD
- CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS
- 6.9
- EG Score
- 6.9MEDIUMmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 47EG Risk 47/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity69% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 6.9 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation40% × 40%EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines. - EPSS PROB
- 0.3%
- EPSS %ILE
- 23rd
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (6.9): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 6.9 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 6.9 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source
- EG Likelihood
- 0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
November 5, 2026
Last Modified
November 12, 2026
Advisory Details (4)
Auto-updated Nov 9, 2026WAMR-2.4.5
Patch available: wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime WAMR-2.4.5
https://github.com/wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime/releases/tag/WAMR-2.4.5commit e571797fbdf4 (wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime)
Fix landed in wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime commit e571797fbdf4 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime/commit/e571797fbdf498d9ac4edb495205ea0f01370091commit c313279c548c (wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime)
Fix landed in wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime commit c313279c548c — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime/commit/c313279c548c6a93f55eb97455cab8696e39f6c1Missing `ref.null` heap-type validation in `load_init_expr` leaks host stack memory to the WebAssembly guest · Advisory · wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime · GitHub
https://github.com/wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime/security/advisories/GHSA-frwm-5hpr-2hq2Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 10× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.
- 2026-11-13 16:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
- 2026-11-12 22:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-11-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
- 2026-11-11 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
- 2026-11-11 07:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-11-10 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
- 2026-11-09 23:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-11-09 22:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-11-09 22:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-11-09 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
- 2026-11-08 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
- 2026-11-07 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
- 2026-11-06 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 22nd percentile
- 2026-11-05 18:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
- 2026-11-05 18:04 UTCENISA EUVD ID recordedEUVD-2026-117616 · Source: ENISA EUVD
- 2026-11-05 17:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scoredFirst assessed: 6.9 MEDIUM
- 2026-11-05 17:33 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked
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Frequently asked(5)
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