CVE-2026-45999

HIGHPre-NVD 7.17.1—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-05-27. the CNA's CVSS baseline 7.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cna:linux, epss, ghsa
Trending — 5 sources updated this week
7.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 7.1Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap()

Some crafted images can have illegal (!partial_decoding && m_llen < m_plen) extents, and the LZ4 inplace decompression path can be wrongly hit, but it cannot handle (outpages < inpages) properly: "outpages - inpages" wraps to a large value and the subsequent rq->out[] access reads past the decompressed_pages array.

However, such crafted cases can correctly result in a corruption report in the normal LZ4 non-inplace path.

Let's add an additional check to fix this for backporting.

Reproducible image (base64-encoded gzipped blob):

H4sIAJGR12kCA+3SPUoDQRgG4MkmkkZk8QRbRFIIi9hbpEjrHQI5ghfwCN5BLCzTGtLbBI+g dilSJo1CnIm7GEXFxhT6PDDwfrs73/ywIQD/1ePD4r7Ou6ETsrq4mu7XcWfj++Pb58nJU/9i PNtbjhan04/9GtX4qVYc814WDqt6FaX5s+ZwXXeq52lndT6IuVvlblytLMvh4Gzwaf90nsvz 2DF/21+20T/ldgp5s1jXRaN4t/8izsy/OUB6e/Qa79r+JwAAAAAAAL52vQVuGQAAAP6+my1w ywAAAAAAAADwu14ATsEYtgBQAAA=

$ mount -t erofs -o cache_strategy=disabled foo.erofs /mnt $ dd if=/mnt/data of=/dev/null bs=4096 count=1

CVSS v3
7.1
EG Score
7.1(medium)
EG Risk
37(Track)
EG Risk 37/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity71% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
3%
KEV
Not listed

Published

May 27, 2026

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Jun 11, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f1374fa6e57fd836623668d782ded9244cfd2938
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9ce18e6bb2c467ec85756dc7989b547b7584fee
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bbbbb3f0d7864238a8da2a94cd6ec013fee06a2e
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/43a878639b90e9721ffa5eb616a7e6d8454adef3
generic

erofs: fix unsigned underflow in z_erofs_lz4_handle_overlap() - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/21e161de2dc660b1bb70ef5b156ab8e6e1cca3ab

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-45999(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(21)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-26.04-edge (7.0.0-27.27) @ resolute2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fde-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1062.69) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (7.0.0-28.28~24.04.1) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8 (6.8.0-1059.62.1) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fde-7.0 (7.0.0-1009.9) @ resolute2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1061.64+1) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1063.71) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1063.71+fips2) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-aws-edge (6.8.0-1061.64~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-realtime-7.0 (7.0.0-1014.14) @ resolute2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-hwe-24.04-edge (7.0.0-1013.13) @ resolute2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-6.8 (6.8.0-136.136) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-24.04 (6.8.0-1058.61) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-edge (6.8.0-1058.61~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp (6.8.0.1033.34) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.8.0-136.136~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-gcp-fips-6.8 (6.8.0-1064.72+fips1) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-7.0 (7.0.0-1008.8) @ resolute2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-fde-6.8 (6.8.0-1062.69~22.04.1) @ jammy2026-09-14ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-realtime-6.8 (6.8.0-2050.52) @ noble2026-09-14ubuntu
linuxKernel @ 5.15.210—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux-6.16.1.106-3~deb11u1 ... 6.1.174-1~deb11u1 (20 versions)6.1.176-1~deb11u1—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.1.106-1 ... 6.1.99-1 (53 versions)6.1.176-1—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.12.38-1 ... 6.12.88-1~bpo12+1 (21 versions)6.12.88-1—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 7.0.4-1~bpo13+1 (134 versions)7.0.4-1—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(20)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 36× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 279 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-14 08:40 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-09-14 08:40 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-09-14 08:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-13 04:09 UTCOSV refresh
  9. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-25 05:32 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-08-25 05:32 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-08-25 05:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-23 15:21 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-08-23 15:21 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-08-23 15:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-21 20:44 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-08-21 20:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-08-21 01:41 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-08-21 01:41 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-08-21 01:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-08-20 11:38 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-08-20 11:38 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-08-20 11:38 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-08-19 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-17 09:19 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-08-17 09:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-08-16 16:23 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-08-16 16:23 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-08-16 16:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-16 02:52 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-16 02:52 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-08-16 02:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-08-15 03:55 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-08-15 03:55 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-08-15 03:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-08-14 14:41 UTCVendor advisory
  33. 2026-08-14 14:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  34. 2026-08-14 01:29 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-08-14 01:29 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-08-14 01:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  37. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-08-12 22:47 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-08-12 22:47 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-08-12 22:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-08-12 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-08-12 09:35 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-08-12 09:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-08-11 15:58 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-08-11 15:58 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-08-11 15:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-08-11 02:47 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-08-11 02:47 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-08-11 02:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-08-10 13:34 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-08-10 13:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  53. 2026-08-10 00:13 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-08-10 00:13 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-08-10 00:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-08-09 11:01 UTCVendor advisory
  58. 2026-08-09 11:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  59. 2026-08-08 21:48 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-08-08 21:48 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-08-08 21:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-08-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-08-08 08:19 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-08-08 08:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  65. 2026-08-07 19:07 UTCEG score recompute
  66. 2026-08-07 19:07 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-08-07 19:07 UTCGHSA enrichment
  68. 2026-08-07 05:55 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-08-07 05:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-08-06 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  71. 2026-08-06 16:43 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-08-06 16:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  73. 2026-08-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-08-06 02:54 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-08-06 02:54 UTCVendor advisory

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-45999?
CVE-2026-45999 is a high vulnerability published on May 27, 2026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erofs: fix unsigned underflow in zerofslz4handleoverlap() Some crafted images can have illegal (!partial_decoding && mllen < mplen) extents, and the LZ4 inplace decompression path can be wrongly hit, but it cannot handle (outpages…
When was CVE-2026-45999 disclosed?
CVE-2026-45999 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on May 27, 2026, with the most recent update on August 5, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-45999 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-45999 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 96.9% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-45999?
CVE-2026-45999 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 7.1 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-45999?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-45999, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-45999

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