CVE-2026-45537

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.1 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.6% (50th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2026-52998 (ENISA EUVD)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.6%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

OpenSIPS is a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) server implementation. In versions prior to 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1, the construct_uri() function concatenates multiple URI components (protocol, username, domain, port, params) into a fixed 1024-byte global BSS buffer without any bounds checking. When a routing script calls construct_uri() with an attacker-controlled username, a combined component length exceeding 1024 bytes overflows the buffer, corrupting adjacent global data with attacker-controlled content. The overflow reaches disable_503_translation, a global flag controlling SIP 503 response handling, allowing an attacker to deterministically set the flag via the URI username and alter the server's routing behavior for subsequent messages. Because the same buffer is shared with contact_builder(), the overflow also corrupts that function's data, and without a memory sanitizer the adjacent globals are silently overwritten on every request containing a long username. This issue has been fixed in versions 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
72
EG Risk 72/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.6%
EPSS %ILE
50th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 4, 2026

Last Modified

September 8, 2026

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Sep 15, 2026
Fix named in the CVE record. Sources: github_commit, github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Global Buffer Overflow in construct_uri · Advisory · OpenSIPS/opensips · GitHub

https://github.com/OpenSIPS/opensips/security/advisories/GHSA-v7h4-fwrc-c66v
GitHub commit

commit 5f103effaf5f (OpenSIPS/opensips)

Fix landed in OpenSIPS/opensips commit 5f103effaf5f — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/OpenSIPS/opensips/commit/5f103effaf5f372cccffe0b138f16998eba12668
GitHub commit

commit 4d23613b6557 (OpenSIPS/opensips)

Fix landed in OpenSIPS/opensips commit 4d23613b6557 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/OpenSIPS/opensips/commit/4d23613b65579b073784a07a65d3bf52443a4efb

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 31× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 187 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 87 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 07:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 50th percentile
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  15. 2026-11-06 09:25 UTCOSV refresh
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  17. 2026-11-05 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 50th percentile
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  1. 2026-11-01 04:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-10-31 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 50th percentile
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  4. 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
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  6. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
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  10. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
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  12. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
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  14. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
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  17. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
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  25. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 49th percentile
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  30. 2026-10-18 03:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
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  34. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-45537?
CVE-2026-45537 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 4, 2026. OpenSIPS is a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) server implementation. In versions prior to 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1, the construct_uri() function concatenates multiple URI components (protocol, username, domain, port, params) into a fixed 1024-byte global BSS buffer without any bounds checking. When a…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-45537 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-45537 was published on August 4, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 8, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-45537 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-45537 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.6% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (50th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-45537?
CVE-2026-45537 has a CVSS base score of 9.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-45537?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-45537 names the fix: "This issue has been fixed in versions 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1."

Dependency Blast Radius

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