CVE-2026-40422

MEDIUMPre-NVD 5.55.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 5.5 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: MODERATE) published 2026-07-14. The CNA's CVSS baseline 5.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: the CNA's CVSS, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory

Also known asEUVD-2026-43785 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

5.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.4%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Use of uninitialized resource in Windows File Explorer allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
25
EG Risk 25/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity55% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.4% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.4%
EPSS %ILE
35th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (5.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
5.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-10). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 14, 2026

Last Modified

November 10, 2026

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Jul 15, 2026
Patch available. Sources: microsoft.
MicrosoftMentions a patch (unverified)

Security Update Guide - Microsoft Security Response Center

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-40422

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-40422(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 35× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 301 rows on record for this CVE, as 99 entries (1 repeat merged).

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 201 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  2. 2026-11-11 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  3. 2026-11-10 22:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  4. 2026-11-10 22:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  5. 2026-11-10 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  6. 2026-11-09 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  7. 2026-11-08 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  8. 2026-11-07 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  9. 2026-11-06 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  10. 2026-11-05 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  11. 2026-11-04 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  12. 2026-11-03 16:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  13. 2026-11-02 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  14. 2026-11-01 17:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-01 17:42 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-11-01 17:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  17. 2026-11-01 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  18. 2026-10-31 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  19. 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  20. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  21. 2026-10-28 20:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-28 20:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  23. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  24. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  25. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
Show 74 more
  1. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  2. 2026-10-25 14:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  4. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  5. 2026-10-23 02:29 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-10-23 02:29 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-23 02:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  8. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  9. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  10. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  11. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  12. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  13. 2026-10-18 03:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  15. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  16. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  17. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  18. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  19. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  20. 2026-10-12 16:09 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-11 19:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-11 17:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-10-11 14:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  25. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  26. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  27. 2026-10-08 19:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  28. 2026-10-08 19:31 UTCVendor advisory
  29. 2026-10-08 19:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  30. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  31. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  32. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  33. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  34. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  35. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  36. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  37. 2026-10-01 13:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  38. 2026-10-01 13:16 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-10-01 13:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  40. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  41. 2026-09-28 09:17 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  42. 2026-09-28 09:17 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-09-28 09:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  44. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  45. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  46. 2026-09-25 19:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-09-25 19:07 UTCVendor advisory
  48. 2026-09-25 19:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  49. 2026-09-24 09:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-09-24 09:20 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-09-24 09:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  52. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  53. 2026-09-23 03:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  54. 2026-09-23 03:51 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-09-23 03:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  56. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  57. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  58. 2026-09-17 23:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  59. 2026-09-17 23:18 UTCVendor advisory
  60. 2026-09-17 23:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  61. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  62. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  63. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  64. 2026-09-15 03:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  65. 2026-09-14 10:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  66. 2026-09-14 10:25 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-09-14 10:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  68. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  69. 2026-09-13 07:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  70. 2026-09-13 07:50 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-09-13 07:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wr2w-mf8c-jf9v · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  72. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  73. 2026-09-12 01:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  74. 2026-09-12 01:41 UTCVendor advisory

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-40422?
CVE-2026-40422 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 14, 2026. Use of uninitialized resource in Windows File Explorer allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
When was CVE-2026-40422 made public?
CVE-2026-40422 was made public on July 14, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Microsoft Corporation, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on July 14, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 10, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-40422 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-40422 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (35th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-40422?
CVE-2026-40422 has a CVSS base score of 5.5 (the CNA's own assessment, by microsoft; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-40422?
A fix for CVE-2026-40422 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-40422 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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