CVE-2026-39919

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-09-15. The CNA's CVSS baseline 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: the CNA's CVSS, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory

Also known asEUVD-2026-78584 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-v865-hp77-22rm (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.8%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Ghostscript before 10.08.0 contains a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the JPEG 2000 output adapter (base/sjpx_openjpeg.c) that allows attackers to cause memory corruption by supplying a crafted PDF containing a JPEG 2000 image with mismatched component subsampling factors. When image components declare different subsampling values, the non-samescale sub-byte-depth output path allocates a row buffer sized for packed output but writes a full byte per output column regardless of bit depth, overflowing the allocation and corrupting internal chunk-allocator metadata to achieve code execution.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
59
EG Risk 59/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.9% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.8%
EPSS %ILE
58th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.8% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 15, 2026

Last Modified

October 1, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Nov 8, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github_release.
Web page

Ghostscript < 10.08.0 Heap Buffer Overflow via JPEG 2000 Output Adapter | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ghostscript-heap-buffer-overflow-via-jpeg-2000-output-adapter
Web page🟡 PoC Available

709666 – Heap buffer overflow in the JPEG 2000 (JPXDecode) output adapter via component subsampling mismatch (base/sjpx_openjpeg.c)

https://bugs.ghostscript.com/show_bug.cgi?id=709666
GitHub commit

commit 0a8bf88e39db (ArtifexSoftware/ghostpdl)

Fix landed in ArtifexSoftware/ghostpdl commit 0a8bf88e39db — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/ArtifexSoftware/ghostpdl/commit/0a8bf88e39db07b0751a58d6ec1cf992073e4dc1
GitHub release Patch Available

Ghostscript/GhostPDL 10.08.0

Patch available: ArtifexSoftware/ghostpdl-downloads gs10080

https://github.com/ArtifexSoftware/ghostpdl-downloads/releases/tag/gs10080

Patch Availability(4)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulibgs9-common (9.55.0~dfsg1-0ubuntu5.14) @ jammy2026-11-12ubuntu
redhatghostscript-0:9.27-18.el8_102026-10-06redhat
redhatghostscript-0:9.54.0-19.el9_8.12026-10-02redhat
redhatghostscript-0:10.02.1-16.el10_2.12026-10-01redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.23(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ghostscript—
  • every version up to 10.08.0-r0: fixed in 10.08.0-r0
—
Alpine:v3.24(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ghostscript—
  • every version up to 10.08.0-r0: fixed in 10.08.0-r0
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ghostscript10.0.0~dfsg-11 ... 10.08.0~dfsg-2 (33 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ghostscript10.05.1~dfsg-1, 10.05.1~dfsg-1+deb13u1
  • every version up to 10.05.1~dfsg-1+deb13u2: fixed in 10.05.1~dfsg-1+deb13u2
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ghostscript10.05.1~dfsg-1 ... 10.07.1~dfsg-1 (9 versions)
  • every version up to 10.08.0~dfsg-1: fixed in 10.08.0~dfsg-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(1)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 91× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 461 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 361 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  2. 2026-11-13 10:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-13 10:35 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-11-13 10:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  5. 2026-11-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  6. 2026-11-12 09:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  7. 2026-11-12 09:58 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-11-12 09:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  9. 2026-11-11 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  10. 2026-11-11 09:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-11 09:36 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-11-11 09:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-11-10 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  14. 2026-11-10 09:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-10 09:14 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-11-10 09:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-11-09 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  18. 2026-11-09 08:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-11-09 08:51 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-11-09 08:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  21. 2026-11-08 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  22. 2026-11-08 08:29 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-11-08 08:29 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-11-08 08:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-11-07 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-07 08:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-07 08:07 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-07 08:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-11-06 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  5. 2026-11-06 07:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-06 07:44 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-11-06 07:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  8. 2026-11-06 07:25 UTCOSV refresh
  9. 2026-11-05 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  10. 2026-11-05 07:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-05 07:22 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-11-05 07:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-11-04 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  14. 2026-11-04 07:00 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-04 07:00 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-11-04 07:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-11-03 16:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  18. 2026-11-03 06:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-11-03 06:38 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-11-03 06:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  21. 2026-11-02 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  22. 2026-11-02 06:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-11-02 06:16 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-11-02 06:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-11-01 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  26. 2026-11-01 05:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  27. 2026-11-01 05:55 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-11-01 05:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  29. 2026-10-31 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  30. 2026-10-31 05:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  31. 2026-10-31 05:33 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-31 05:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  33. 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  34. 2026-10-30 05:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-10-30 05:12 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-10-30 05:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  37. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  38. 2026-10-29 04:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  39. 2026-10-29 04:50 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-10-29 04:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  41. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 58th percentile
  42. 2026-10-28 04:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-10-28 04:27 UTCVendor advisory
  44. 2026-10-28 04:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  45. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 57th percentile
  46. 2026-10-27 04:00 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-10-27 04:00 UTCVendor advisory
  48. 2026-10-27 04:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  49. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  50. 2026-10-25 23:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  51. 2026-10-25 23:22 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-10-25 23:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  53. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.2% · 66th percentile
  54. 2026-10-25 14:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  55. 2026-10-24 22:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  56. 2026-10-24 22:57 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-10-24 22:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  58. 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  59. 2026-10-23 22:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  60. 2026-10-23 22:36 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-10-23 22:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  62. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  63. 2026-10-22 22:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  64. 2026-10-22 22:13 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-10-22 22:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  66. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  67. 2026-10-21 21:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  68. 2026-10-21 21:50 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-21 21:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  70. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  71. 2026-10-20 21:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  72. 2026-10-20 21:22 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-10-20 21:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v865-hp77-22rm · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  74. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  75. 2026-10-19 20:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-39919?
CVE-2026-39919 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 15, 2026. Ghostscript before 10.08.0 contains a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the JPEG 2000 output adapter (base/sjpx_openjpeg.c) that allows attackers to cause memory corruption by supplying a crafted PDF containing a JPEG 2000 image with mismatched component subsampling factors. When image…
When was CVE-2026-39919 made public?
CVE-2026-39919 was made public on September 8, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, VulnCheck, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on September 15, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 1, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-39919 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-39919 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.8% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (58th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-39919?
CVE-2026-39919 has a CVSS base score of 9.8 (the CNA's own assessment, by vulncheck; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-39919?
A fix for CVE-2026-39919 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-39919 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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