CVE-2026-33941

HIGHNVD 8.28.2—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.2 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.3%, top 79% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Elevated
8.2EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0%CVSS: 8.2Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

Handlebars provides the power necessary to let users build semantic templates. In versions 4.0.0 through 4.7.8, the Handlebars CLI precompiler (bin/handlebars / lib/precompiler.js) concatenates user-controlled strings — template file names and several CLI options — directly into the JavaScript it emits, without any escaping or sanitization. An attacker who can influence template filenames or CLI arguments can inject arbitrary JavaScript that executes when the generated bundle is loaded in Node.js or a browser. Version 4.7.9 fixes the issue. Some workarounds are available. First, validate all CLI inputs before invoking the precompiler. Reject filenames and option values that contain characters with JavaScript string-escaping significance (", ', ;, etc.). Second, use a fixed, trusted namespace string passed via a configuration file rather than command-line arguments in automated pipelines. Third, run the precompiler in a sandboxed environment (container with no write access to sensitive paths) to limit the impact of successful exploitation. Fourth, audit template filenames in any repository or package that is consumed by an automated build pipeline.

CVSS v3
8.2
EG Score
8.2(medium)
EG Risk
53(Track*)
EG Risk 53/100SSVC: Track*

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity82% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Watch closely — could escalate to Attend.
EPSS PROB
0%
EPSS %ILE
22%
KEV
Not listed

Published

March 27, 2026

Last Modified

September 11, 2026

Advisory Details (7)

Auto-updated Jun 30, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: redhat, github_commit, github_release, github.
redhat Patch Available

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10",

https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-33941.json
redhat Patch Available

2452524 – (CVE-2026-33941) CVE-2026-33941 handlebars.js: Handlebars: Arbitrary code execution via CLI precompiler input sanitization flaw

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2452524
redhat Patch Available

cve-details

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-33941
redhat Patch Available
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10175
github Patch Available🟡 PoC Available

JavaScript Injection in CLI Precompiler via Unescaped Names and Options · Advisory · handlebars-lang/handlebars.js · GitHub

https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/security/advisories/GHSA-xjpj-3mr7-gcpf
github_release Patch Available

v4.7.9

Patch available: handlebars-lang/handlebars.js v4.7.9

https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/releases/tag/v4.7.9
github_commit Patch Available

commit 68d8df5a88e0 (handlebars-lang/handlebars.js)

Patch available: handlebars-lang/handlebars.js v4.7.9 (contains commit 68d8df5a88e0)

https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/commit/68d8df5a88e0a26fe9e6084c5c6aaebe67b07da2

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-33941(3)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(2)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
redhatcluster-observability-operator/troubleshooting-panel-console-plugin-pf6-rhel9:17828399962026-07-01redhat
redhatdevspaces/code-rhel9:17767441102026-04-23redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
node-handlebars3:4.7.6+~4.1.0-2 ... 3:4.7.9-5 (8 versions)——
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
node-handlebars3:4.7.7+~4.1.0-1 ... 3:4.7.9-6 (7 versions)——
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
node-handlebars3:4.7.7+~4.1.0-1 ... 3:4.7.9-6 (7 versions)——
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
node-handlebars3:4.7.7+~4.1.0-13:4.7.9-1—
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
handlebars—4.7.9—

Weakness Classification(3)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 39× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 126 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-17 19:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-15 03:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-12 15:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-11 12:25 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-09-11 12:25 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-09-11 09:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-09-04 13:30 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-09-04 12:23 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-09-04 12:23 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-09-03 12:29 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-09-03 12:29 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCVendor advisory
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-09-01 12:23 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-09-01 12:23 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-18 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-17 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-16 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-16 09:56 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-08-16 09:56 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-15 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-14 19:10 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-08-14 06:15 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-14 06:15 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-08-13 22:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-12 20:33 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-08-12 20:33 UTCVendor advisory
  29. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-08-11 20:43 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-08-11 20:43 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-08-11 03:44 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-08-11 03:44 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-08-11 00:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-08-10 07:37 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-08-09 18:42 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-08-09 18:42 UTCVendor advisory
  38. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-08-09 05:48 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-08-08 05:08 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-08-08 05:08 UTCVendor advisory
  42. 2026-08-07 16:14 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-08-06 18:33 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-08-06 18:33 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-08-06 00:44 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-08-06 00:44 UTCVendor advisory
  48. 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-08-04 15:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-08-04 10:38 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-08-03 23:06 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-08-03 23:06 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-08-03 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-08-02 15:09 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-08-02 15:09 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-08-02 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-08-01 04:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-07-30 16:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-07-30 01:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-07-27 14:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-07-25 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-07-25 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-07-23 03:09 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-07-19 02:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-33941?
CVE-2026-33941 is a high vulnerability published on March 27, 2026. Handlebars provides the power necessary to let users build semantic templates. In versions 4.0.0 through 4.7.8, the Handlebars CLI precompiler (bin/handlebars / lib/precompiler.js) concatenates user-controlled strings — template file names and several CLI options — directly into the JavaScript it…
When was CVE-2026-33941 disclosed?
CVE-2026-33941 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on March 27, 2026, with the most recent update on September 11, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-33941 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-33941 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 78.1% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-33941?
CVE-2026-33941 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.2 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-33941?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-33941, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-33941

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