CVE-2026-16002

HIGHPre-NVD 8.28.2
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This high-severity CVE scores 8.2 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.4% (37th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source

Also known asEUVD-2026-48398 (ENISA EUVD)Source: ENISA EUVD

8.2EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.4%CVSS: 8.2Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

MZ automation recommends users update to version 2.4.1 or later (from the CVE record's solution, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)) — apply it.

The affected product is vulnerable to an Out-of-bounds read, which may allow an attacker to crash the parsing process and cause a denial of service.

CVSS v3
8.2
EG Score
8.2HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
52
EG Risk 52/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity82% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.2 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.4% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: MZ automation recommends users update to version 2.4.1 or later (from the CVE record's solution, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)). Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.4%
EPSS %ILE
37th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (8.2): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 8.2 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
8.2 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-09). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

MZ automation recommends users update to version 2.4.1 or later (from the CVE record's solution, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)). Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 23, 2026

Last Modified

October 24, 2026

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Jul 23, 2026
Fix named in the CVE record's solution (Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)). Sources: cisa.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 30× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 167 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 67 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  2. 2026-11-11 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  3. 2026-11-10 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  4. 2026-11-10 08:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-09 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  6. 2026-11-08 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  7. 2026-11-07 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  8. 2026-11-06 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  9. 2026-11-05 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  10. 2026-11-04 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 37th percentile
  11. 2026-11-03 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  12. 2026-11-03 15:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-11-02 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  14. 2026-11-01 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  15. 2026-10-31 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  16. 2026-10-30 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  17. 2026-10-29 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  18. 2026-10-28 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  19. 2026-10-27 20:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  21. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  22. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  23. 2026-10-25 14:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  25. 2026-10-24 11:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
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  1. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  2. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  3. 2026-10-21 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  4. 2026-10-20 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  5. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  6. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  7. 2026-10-18 04:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-10-17 18:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  10. 2026-10-16 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  11. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  12. 2026-10-14 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  13. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  14. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  15. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-10-11 20:09 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-10-11 17:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-11 14:54 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  20. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  21. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  22. 2026-10-08 17:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  23. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  24. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  25. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  26. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  27. 2026-10-04 08:19 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  28. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  29. 2026-10-03 03:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  31. 2026-10-01 06:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  32. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  33. 2026-09-29 15:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  34. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  35. 2026-09-28 05:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  36. 2026-09-27 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  37. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  38. 2026-09-24 01:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  39. 2026-09-22 22:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-09-20 01:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  41. 2026-09-18 22:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  42. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  43. 2026-09-18 03:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  44. 2026-09-17 02:00 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  45. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  46. 2026-09-16 06:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  48. 2026-09-15 09:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-09-13 22:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  51. 2026-09-12 17:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  53. 2026-09-11 16:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  54. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  55. 2026-09-11 09:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  56. 2026-09-10 15:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  57. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  58. 2026-09-09 08:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  59. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  60. 2026-09-07 21:28 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  61. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  62. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  63. 2026-09-05 19:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  64. 2026-09-05 06:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  65. 2026-09-04 12:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  66. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  67. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  68. 2026-09-01 23:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  69. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  70. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  71. 2026-08-31 01:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  72. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  73. 2026-08-30 13:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  74. 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  75. 2026-08-30 00:28 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-16002?
CVE-2026-16002 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 23, 2026. The affected product is vulnerable to an Out-of-bounds read, which may allow an attacker to crash the parsing process and cause a denial of service.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-16002 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-16002 was published on July 23, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 24, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-16002 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-16002 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (37th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-16002?
CVE-2026-16002 has a CVSS base score of 8.2 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-16002?
The CVE record's solution for CVE-2026-16002, written by its CNA Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS), names the fix: "MZ automation recommends users update to version 2.4.1 or later."

Dependency Blast Radius

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