CVE-2026-125110

MEDIUMPre-NVD 5.35.3
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 5.3 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: MODERATE) published 2026-11-10. A secondary CVSS source baseline 5.3; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source

Also known asEUVD-2026-120484 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-wvg4-6p58-3gh3 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

5.3EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.3%CVSS: 5.3Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to 2.2.25, 3.1.23, and 3.2.8, Rack::Static serves a path after Utils.clean_path_info normalization but evaluates header_rules against a path that is only URL-decoded. An unauthenticated attacker can request a known file through raw or percent-encoded dot segments and receive it without path-specific security headers such as Content-Disposition or Content-Security-Policy. Applications that do not use path-specific header_rules are not affected. This issue is fixed in versions 2.2.25, 3.1.23, and 3.2.8.

CVSS v3
5.3
EG Score
5.3MEDIUMhigh confidence
EG Risk
24
EG Risk 24/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity53% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.3 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's BOD 26-04 default: no one has published Automatable for this CVE, and CISA treats it as “no” for a CVE not in KEV.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.3%
EPSS %ILE
16th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (5.3): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.3 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
5.3 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). Where an input reads “CISA's BOD 26-04 default”, no one has published it for this CVE, and CISA's implementation guidance says: “If “Automatable” and “Technical Impact” information items about a CVE ID are not available and the CVE ID is not in the KEV Catalog, CISA will treat its values as “no” and “total,” respectively, until CISA or a third party provides metadata about the CVE ID. CISA will always provide the Vulnrichment data for a CVE ID listed in the KEV Catalog.” Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

November 9, 2026

Last Modified

November 12, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Nov 9, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
GitHub commit

commit e88097ccb88b (rack/rack)

Fix landed in rack/rack commit e88097ccb88b — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/e88097ccb88be44d06d47b42daffe04929516ee4
GitHub commit

commit 9d7f19484ffd (rack/rack)

Fix landed in rack/rack commit 9d7f19484ffd — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/9d7f19484ffd5ed5e032678c26ee6eff96d3a0a3
GitHub commit

commit 18a07fe553af (rack/rack)

Fix landed in rack/rack commit 18a07fe553af — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/18a07fe553afb4d8a678d6a948cd6ba1e11e28be
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

`Rack::Static` `header_rules` bypass via unnormalized dot segments in the request path. · Advisory · rack/rack · GitHub

https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-wvg4-6p58-3gh3

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-125110(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(3)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
rubygemsrack @ 2.2.25 (fixes < 2.2.25)—ghsa
rubygemsrack @ 3.1.23 (fixes >= 3.0.0, < 3.1.23)—ghsa
rubygemsrack @ 3.2.8 (fixes >= 3.2.0, < 3.2.8)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ruby-rack2.2.13-1~deb12u1 ... 3.2.8-1 (28 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ruby-rack3.1.16-0.1 ... 3.2.8-1 (13 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ruby-rack3.1.16-0.1 ... 3.2.7-1 (10 versions)
  • every version up to 3.2.8-1: fixed in 3.2.8-1
—
RubyGems(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rack3.2.0 ... 3.2.7 (8 versions)
  • every version up to 2.2.25: fixed in 2.2.25
  • 3.0.0 up to 3.1.23: fixed in 3.1.23
  • 3.2.0 up to 3.2.8: fixed in 3.2.8
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 8× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  2. 2026-11-12 19:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-12 19:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wvg4-6p58-3gh3 · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  4. 2026-11-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  5. 2026-11-11 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  6. 2026-11-11 05:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  7. 2026-11-11 05:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wvg4-6p58-3gh3 · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 5.3
  8. 2026-11-10 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 16th percentile
  9. 2026-11-09 23:00 UTCENISA EUVD ID recordedEUVD-2026-120484 · Source: ENISA EUVD
  10. 2026-11-09 22:17 UTCEchelonGraph re-scoredFirst assessed: 5.3 MEDIUM
  11. 2026-11-09 22:14 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-125110?
CVE-2026-125110 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on November 9, 2026. Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to 2.2.25, 3.1.23, and 3.2.8, Rack::Static serves a path after Utils.clean_path_info normalization but evaluates header_rules against a path that is only URL-decoded. An unauthenticated attacker can request a known file through raw or…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-125110 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2026-125110 was published on November 9, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 12, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-125110 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-125110 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (16th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-125110?
CVE-2026-125110 has a CVSS base score of 5.3 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-125110?
A fix for CVE-2026-125110 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-125110 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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