CVE-2025-67896

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.5% (41st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 6.4 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2025-12-14) is not newer than that change (2026-10-14), so it does not.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2025-203281 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.5%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Exim before 4.99.1, with certain non-default rate-limit configurations, allows a remote heap-based buffer overflow because database records are cast directly to internal structures without validation.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
44
EG Risk 44/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.5% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.5%
EPSS %ILE
41st
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.5% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

December 14, 2025

Last Modified

October 14, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Nov 8, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

oss-security - Release: CVE-2025-67896: EXIM-Security-2025-12-09.1: Exim 4.99.1 released

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/18/3
Web page

oss-security - Re: Update: CVE-2025-67896: EXIM-Security-2025-12-09.1: Exim 4.99: Remote heap corruption

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/14/1
Web page

oss-security - Update: EXIM-Security-2025-12-09.1: Exim 4.99: Remote heap corruption

https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/11/2
Web page
https://exim.org/static/doc/security/EXIM-Security-2025-12-09.1/report.txt
Web page

Index of /static/doc/security/

https://exim.org/static/doc/security/

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
exim44.98.2-1 ... 4.99~RC3-2 (16 versions)
  • every version up to 4.99-7: fixed in 4.99-7
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 15× in last 7d / 62× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 275 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 175 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 08:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-13 08:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  3. 2026-11-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  4. 2026-11-12 09:02 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-12 09:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  6. 2026-11-11 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  7. 2026-11-11 09:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-11 09:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  9. 2026-11-10 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  10. 2026-11-10 10:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-10 10:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  12. 2026-11-09 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  13. 2026-11-09 11:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-09 11:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  15. 2026-11-08 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  16. 2026-11-08 11:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-11-08 11:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  18. 2026-11-07 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  19. 2026-11-07 12:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-11-07 12:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  21. 2026-11-06 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  22. 2026-11-06 13:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-11-06 13:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  24. 2026-11-05 18:25 UTCOSV refresh
  25. 2026-11-05 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-05 13:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-05 13:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  3. 2026-11-04 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  4. 2026-11-04 14:28 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-04 14:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  6. 2026-11-03 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  7. 2026-11-03 15:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-03 15:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  9. 2026-11-02 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  10. 2026-11-02 15:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-02 15:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  12. 2026-11-01 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  13. 2026-11-01 16:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  14. 2026-10-31 17:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-10-31 17:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  16. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  17. 2026-10-30 17:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-30 17:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  19. 2026-10-30 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  20. 2026-10-29 18:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-29 18:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  22. 2026-10-29 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  23. 2026-10-28 19:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-28 19:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  25. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  26. 2026-10-27 19:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  27. 2026-10-27 19:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  28. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  29. 2026-10-26 20:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-26 20:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  31. 2026-10-26 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  32. 2026-10-25 19:17 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  33. 2026-10-25 19:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  34. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  35. 2026-10-25 16:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  36. 2026-10-24 19:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-24 19:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  38. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  39. 2026-10-23 20:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-10-23 20:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  41. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  42. 2026-10-22 21:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-10-22 21:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  44. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  45. 2026-10-21 21:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  46. 2026-10-21 21:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  47. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  48. 2026-10-20 22:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-20 22:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  50. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  51. 2026-10-19 22:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-10-19 22:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  53. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  54. 2026-10-18 22:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  55. 2026-10-18 22:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  56. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  57. 2026-10-18 05:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  58. 2026-10-17 22:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  59. 2026-10-17 22:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  60. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  61. 2026-10-16 22:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  62. 2026-10-16 22:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  63. 2026-10-16 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  64. 2026-10-15 19:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  65. 2026-10-15 19:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  66. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  67. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
  68. 2026-10-14 13:29 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  69. 2026-10-14 13:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  70. 2026-10-14 10:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  71. 2026-10-14 10:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  72. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
  73. 2026-10-13 09:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6qxw-x3vc-phrg · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  74. 2026-10-12 16:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  75. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile

Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-67896?
CVE-2025-67896 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on December 14, 2025. Exim before 4.99.1, with certain non-default rate-limit configurations, allows a remote heap-based buffer overflow because database records are cast directly to internal structures without validation.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-67896 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-67896 was published on December 14, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 14, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-67896 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-67896 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.5% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (41st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-67896?
CVE-2025-67896 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-67896?
A fix for CVE-2025-67896 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2025-67896

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2025-67896?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.

Book a Demo →Browse All CVEs