CVE-2025-31938

MEDIUMPre-NVD 4.34.3
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

This medium-severity CVE scores 4.3 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: <0.1% (below the 1st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from a secondary CVSS source
Sources: EPSS, a secondary CVSS source

Also known asEUVD-2025-210691 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

4.3EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: <0.1%CVSS: 4.3Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Insufficient granularity of access control in some subsystem for some Intel(R) Xeon(R) 6 Scalable processors with Intel(R) TDX may allow an information disclosure. Authorized adversary with an authenticated user combined with a high complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present with special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.

CVSS
4.3
EG Score
4.3MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
19
EG Risk 19/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity43% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 4.3 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation<0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
<0.1%
EPSS %ILE
below the 1st
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (4.3): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 4.3 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
4.3 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source
EG Likelihood
<0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-07). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 11, 2026

Last Modified

September 29, 2026

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Aug 12, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

INTEL-SA-01404

https://intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01404.html

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-31938(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Affected Packages

(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
intel-microcode0.20080131-1 ... 3.20260925.1 (211 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
intel-microcode0.20080131-1 ... 3.20260925.1 (211 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
intel-microcode0.20080131-1 ... 3.20260227.1 (210 versions)
  • every version up to 3.20260925.1: fixed in 3.20260925.1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 4× in last 7d / 20× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 151 rows on record for this CVE, as 99 entries (1 repeat merged).

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 51 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  2. 2026-11-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  3. 2026-11-07 20:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x · GitHub severity MODERATE
  4. 2026-11-07 20:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-07 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  6. 2026-11-05 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  7. 2026-11-04 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  8. 2026-11-03 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  9. 2026-11-02 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  10. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  11. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  12. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  13. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  14. 2026-10-25 16:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  16. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  17. 2026-10-23 22:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-23 22:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  19. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  20. 2026-10-22 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  21. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  22. 2026-10-18 05:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  24. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  25. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
Show 74 more
  1. 2026-10-12 17:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  3. 2026-10-11 20:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  4. 2026-10-11 18:54 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-10-11 15:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  7. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  8. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  9. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  10. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  11. 2026-10-06 17:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-10-06 17:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  13. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  14. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  15. 2026-10-04 22:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  16. 2026-10-03 20:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-10-03 20:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  18. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  19. 2026-10-02 08:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  20. 2026-09-30 22:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-09-30 22:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  22. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  23. 2026-09-29 15:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  24. 2026-09-29 11:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-09-29 11:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  26. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  27. 2026-09-28 12:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  28. 2026-09-27 10:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  29. 2026-09-27 10:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  30. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  31. 2026-09-24 11:37 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  32. 2026-09-24 11:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  33. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  34. 2026-09-23 10:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-09-23 10:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  36. 2026-09-22 08:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  37. 2026-09-21 06:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  38. 2026-09-20 05:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  39. 2026-09-19 03:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-09-19 03:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  41. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  42. 2026-09-18 02:00 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-09-18 02:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  44. 2026-09-17 00:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  45. 2026-09-17 00:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  46. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  47. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  48. 2026-09-15 14:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  49. 2026-09-14 13:04 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-09-14 13:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  51. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  52. 2026-09-13 11:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  53. 2026-09-12 10:04 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  54. 2026-09-12 10:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  55. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  56. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  57. 2026-09-11 08:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  58. 2026-09-11 08:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  59. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  60. 2026-09-10 07:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  61. 2026-09-09 05:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  62. 2026-09-09 05:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  63. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  64. 2026-09-07 16:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  65. 2026-09-07 16:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  66. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  67. 2026-09-06 06:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  68. 2026-09-06 06:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  69. 2026-09-05 04:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  70. 2026-09-05 04:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  71. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  72. 2026-09-04 03:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x
  73. 2026-09-03 01:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  74. 2026-09-03 01:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-c68w-56q5-h83x

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-31938?
CVE-2025-31938 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 11, 2026. Insufficient granularity of access control in some subsystem for some Intel(R) Xeon(R) 6 Scalable processors with Intel(R) TDX may allow an information disclosure. Authorized adversary with an authenticated user combined with a high complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-31938 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-31938 was published on August 11, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 29, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-31938 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-31938 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a <0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (below the 1st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-31938?
CVE-2025-31938 has a CVSS base score of 4.3 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-31938?
A fix for CVE-2025-31938 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-31938 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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