CVE-2025-27817

HIGHNVD 7.58.4▲
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

Score elevated to 8.4 because EPSS predicts 65% probability of exploitation within the next 30 days (top 0.8% of all CVEs). NVD baseline CVSS 7.5 retained for reference. Confidence: see factors.

Triggered by: EPSS exploit prediction ≥85%
Sources: epss, nvd
Elevated
8.4EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch this weekExploitation is likely or a public exploit exists.
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 69%
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 69%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

A possible arbitrary file read and SSRF vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Client. Apache Kafka Clients accept configuration data for setting the SASL/OAUTHBEARER connection with the brokers, including "sasl.oauthbearer.token.endpoint.url" and "sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.url". Apache Kafka allows clients to read an arbitrary file and return the content in the error log, or sending requests to an unintended location. In applications where Apache Kafka Clients configurations can be specified by an untrusted party, attackers may use the "sasl.oauthbearer.token.endpoint.url" and "sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.url" configuratin to read arbitrary contents of the disk and environment variables or make requests to an unintended location. In particular, this flaw may be used in Apache Kafka Connect to escalate from REST API access to filesystem/environment/URL access, which may be undesirable in certain environments, including SaaS products.

Since Apache Kafka 3.9.1/4.0.0, we have added a system property ("-Dorg.apache.kafka.sasl.oauthbearer.allowed.urls") to set the allowed urls in SASL JAAS configuration. In 3.9.1, it accepts all urls by default for backward compatibility. However in 4.0.0 and newer, the default value is empty list and users have to set the allowed urls explicitly.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
8.4(high)
EG Risk
79(Track)
EG Risk 79/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity84% × 45%
Exploitation65% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
69%
EPSS %ILE
99%
KEV
Not listed

Published

June 10, 2025

Last Modified

July 11, 2025

References (2)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-27817(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(2)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
redhatkafka2025-12-16redhat
redhatpatch2025-06-30redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
org.apache.kafka:kafka-clients3.1.0 ... 3.9.0 (24 versions)3.9.1—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 6× in last 7d / 21× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 106 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-13 10:24 UTCOSV refresh
  6. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-25 11:11 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-10 23:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-09 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-09 03:57 UTCOSV refresh
  8. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-25 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-24 04:11 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-07-23 02:52 UTCEG score recompute▲ 0.90
  21. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-07-08 15:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-07-06 23:15 UTCOSV refresh
  40. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-07-02 17:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-30 23:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-18 10:35 UTCOSV refresh
  57. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-06-14 23:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-11 13:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-06-04 13:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore

Publicly available exploits

(5 references)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (4 GitHub PoCs). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • GitHub PoCoriolrius/kafka-keycloak-oauth
    First seen Oct 13, 2025

    Apache Kafka 4.1.0 (KRaft) with Keycloak OAuth2 authentication using Strimzi - bypasses CVE-2025-27817 URL allowlist restriction

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCiSee857/CVE-2025-27817
    First seen Jul 4, 2025

    Apache Kafka客户端未对用户输入进行严格验证和限制，未经身份验证的攻击者可通过构造恶意配置读取环境变量或磁盘任意内容，或向非预期位置发送请求，提升REST API的文件系统/环境/URL访问权限。

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCkk12-30/CVE-2025-27817
    First seen Jun 12, 2025

    CVE-2025-27817

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCAakiTT/CVE-2025-27817
    First seen Jun 12, 2025

    CVE-2025-27817

    Open source ↗
  • Nucleihttp/cves/2025/CVE-2025-27817.yaml
    First seen Jan 1, 2025

    Apache Kafka Client - Arbitrary File Read

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-27817?
CVE-2025-27817 is a high vulnerability published on June 10, 2025. A possible arbitrary file read and SSRF vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Client. Apache Kafka Clients accept configuration data for setting the SASL/OAUTHBEARER connection with the brokers, including "sasl.oauthbearer.token.endpoint.url" and "sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.url".…
When was CVE-2025-27817 disclosed?
CVE-2025-27817 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on June 10, 2025, with the most recent update on July 11, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-27817 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-27817 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 69% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 0.7% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-27817?
CVE-2025-27817 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 8.4.
How do I remediate CVE-2025-27817?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-27817, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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