CVE-2025-1974

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2025-03-25. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Weaponized

Also known asEUVD-2025-8035 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv (GitHub Security Advisories) · GO-2025-3567 (OSV.dev)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 99%
  • Public exploit code is available (Exploit-DB, marked verified by Exploit-DB, other public proof-of-concept code)
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 99%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: Exploit-DB (verified) · other public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A security issue was discovered in Kubernetes where under certain conditions, an unauthenticated attacker with access to the pod network can achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller. This can lead to disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note that in the default installation, the controller can access all Secrets cluster-wide.)

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
99
EG Risk 99/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation99% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
99%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
99% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-13). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

March 25, 2025

Last Modified

April 15, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 8, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

Ingress-NGINX Admission Controller v1.11.1 - FD Injection to RCE - Multiple remote Exploit

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/52475

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-1974(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(2)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
gok8s.io/ingress-nginx @ 1.11.5 (fixes < 1.11.5)—ghsa
gok8s.io/ingress-nginx @ 1.12.1 (fixes >= 1.12.0-beta.0, < 1.12.1)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Go(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
k8s.io/ingress-nginx—
  • every version up to 1.11.5: fixed in 1.11.5
  • 1.12.0-beta.0 up to 1.12.1: fixed in 1.12.1
  • every version on: no fix on record
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 38× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 136 rows on record for this CVE, as 98 entries (2 repeats merged).

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 36 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 18:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-13 18:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-11-12 17:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  4. 2026-11-12 17:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  5. 2026-11-11 16:25 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-11-11 16:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  7. 2026-11-10 17:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-10 17:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  9. 2026-11-09 16:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-09 16:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  11. 2026-11-08 16:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-08 16:18 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-11-08 16:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  14. 2026-11-07 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  15. 2026-11-07 15:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-11-07 15:35 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-11-07 15:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  18. 2026-11-06 14:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-11-06 14:57 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-11-06 14:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  21. 2026-11-05 14:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-11-05 14:20 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-11-05 14:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  24. 2026-11-05 09:25 UTCOSV refresh
  25. 2026-11-04 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
Show 73 more
  1. 2026-11-04 13:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-04 13:43 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-04 13:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-11-03 13:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-03 13:06 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-11-03 13:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  7. 2026-11-02 12:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-02 12:25 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-11-02 12:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-11-01 11:48 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-11-01 11:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  12. 2026-11-01 08:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mgvx-rpfc-9mpv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-11-01 08:09 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-10-31 11:09 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-10-31 11:09 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-30 10:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-10-30 10:32 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-29 09:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-28 09:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-27 08:04 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-27 08:04 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-10-25 16:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  25. 2026-10-25 04:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-25 04:30 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-10-24 03:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  28. 2026-10-23 03:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  29. 2026-10-23 03:12 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-10-22 02:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  31. 2026-10-22 02:34 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-21 01:56 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  33. 2026-10-20 01:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  34. 2026-10-20 01:20 UTCVendor advisory
  35. 2026-10-19 00:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  36. 2026-10-19 00:15 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-10-18 05:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  38. 2026-10-17 23:37 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  39. 2026-10-17 23:37 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-10-16 22:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  41. 2026-10-16 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  42. 2026-10-15 20:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-10-14 13:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  44. 2026-10-13 12:50 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-10-12 17:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  46. 2026-10-12 12:09 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-10-11 20:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  48. 2026-10-11 19:02 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-11 15:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-10-06 22:55 UTCOSV refresh
  51. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  52. 2026-09-17 04:20 UTCOSV refresh
  53. 2026-08-29 04:43 UTCOSV refresh
  54. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  55. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  56. 2026-08-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  57. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  58. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  59. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  60. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  61. 2026-08-12 16:31 UTCOSV refresh
  62. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  63. 2026-08-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  64. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99.5% · 99th percentile
  65. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  66. 2026-07-27 23:55 UTCOSV refresh
  67. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  68. 2026-07-23 02:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  69. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  70. 2026-07-10 16:23 UTCOSV refresh
  71. 2026-07-07 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  72. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
  73. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile

Publicly available exploits

(9 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (2 Exploit-DB entries, 6 GitHub PoCs), as is 1 Nuclei detection template. A detection template checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code. Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • Exploit-DBEDB-52338✓ verified
    Published Jun 20, 2025

    Ingress-NGINX 4.11.0 - Remote Code Execution (RCE)

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-52475
    Published Feb 4, 2026

    Ingress-NGINX Admission Controller v1.11.1 - FD Injection to RCE

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCI3r1h0n/IngressNightterror
    Published Nov 2, 2025

    My view on IngressNightmare vulnerability (CVE-2025-1974)

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCEsonhugh/ingressNightmare-CVE-2025-1974-exps
    Published Mar 26, 2025

    IngressNightmare POC. world first non-blind remote execution exploitation with multi-advanced exploitation methods. allow on disk exploitation. CVE-2025-24514 - auth-url injection, CVE-2025-1097 - auth-tls-match-cn injection, CVE-2025-1098 – mirror UID injection -- all available.

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoChi-unc1e/CVE-2025-1974-poc
    Published Mar 26, 2025

    PoC of CVE-2025-1974, modified from the world-first PoC~

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCzwxxb/CVE-2025-1974
    Published Mar 26, 2025

    Poc for Ingress RCE

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCyoshino-s/CVE-2025-1974
    Published Mar 25, 2025
    Open source ↗
  • Nucleihttp/cves/2025/CVE-2025-1974.yaml
    Published Mar 25, 2025

    Ingress-Nginx Controller - Remote Code Execution

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCsandumjacob/IngressNightmare-POCs
    Published Mar 24, 2025

    CVE-2025-1974

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-1974?
CVE-2025-1974 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on March 25, 2025. A security issue was discovered in Kubernetes where under certain conditions, an unauthenticated attacker with access to the pod network can achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller. This can lead to disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note…
When was CVE-2025-1974 made public?
CVE-2025-1974 was made public on March 24, 2025: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Kubernetes, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on March 25, 2025. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of April 15, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-1974 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-1974 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EchelonGraph's EG-KEV model places it in Tier 2 (Weaponized), which is not evidence of exploitation: Exploit-DB marks a public exploit for it as verified, and CISA's SSVC data says a public PoC exists and its EPSS is 50% or more. EchelonGraph does not test whether exploit code works. FIRST EPSS estimates a 99% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-1974?
CVE-2025-1974 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-1974?
A fix for CVE-2025-1974 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-1974 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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