CVE-2025-14331

MEDIUMNVD 6.56.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 6.5 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: MODERATE) published 2025-12-09. NVD baseline CVSS 6.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2025-202157 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-pq76-9m6x-m6mx (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

6.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.2%CVSS: 6.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Same-origin policy bypass in the Request Handling component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 146, Firefox ESR 115.31, Firefox ESR 140.6, Thunderbird 146, and Thunderbird 140.6.

CVSS v3
6.5
EG Score
6.5MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
44
EG Risk 44/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity65% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 6.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.2%
EPSS %ILE
10th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (6.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 6.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
6.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS. FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

December 9, 2025

Last Modified

October 7, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Sep 30, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

Security Vulnerabilities fixed in Thunderbird 140.6 — Mozilla

https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-96/
Web page

Security Vulnerabilities fixed in Thunderbird 146 — Mozilla

https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-95/
Web page

Security Vulnerabilities fixed in Firefox ESR 140.6 — Mozilla

https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-94/
Web page

Security Vulnerabilities fixed in Firefox ESR 115.31 — Mozilla

https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-93/
Web page

Security Vulnerabilities fixed in Firefox 146 — Mozilla

https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-92/
Web page

2000218 - (CVE-2025-14331) Logic error in OAuth redirect validation allows cross-window interception with launchWebAuthFlow

https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2000218

Patch Availability(26)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntuxul-ext-lightning (1:140.7.1+build1-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) @ jammy2026-10-24ubuntu
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el10_02026-01-06redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-1.el10_02026-01-06redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el8_102026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el10_12026-01-05redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-1.el7_92026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el9_22026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el9_42026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el8_82026-01-05redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-1.el9_22026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el9_62026-01-05redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-2.el8_82026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el8_22026-01-05redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-2.el8_62026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el8_62026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el9_02026-01-05redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-1.el9_42026-01-05redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-1.el9_02026-01-05redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-1.el8_22026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el8_42026-01-05redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-2.el9_62026-01-05redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-2.el8_42026-01-05redhat
redhatthunderbird-0:140.6.0-1.el9_72025-12-22redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-1.el8_102025-12-11redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-1.el9_72025-12-10redhat
redhatfirefox-0:140.6.0-1.el10_12025-12-10redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(8 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
firefox-esr102.1.0esr-1 ... 91.9.1esr-1~deb9u1 (243 versions)
  • every version up to 140.6.0esr-1~deb11u1: fixed in 140.6.0esr-1~deb11u1
—
thunderbird1:102.0.1-1 ... 1:91.9.0-1~deb9u1 (290 versions)
  • every version up to 1:140.6.0esr-1~deb11u1: fixed in 1:140.6.0esr-1~deb11u1
—
Debian:12(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
firefox-esr102.11.0esr-1 ... 140.6.0esr-1~deb11u1 (150 versions)
  • every version up to 140.6.0esr-1~deb12u1: fixed in 140.6.0esr-1~deb12u1
—
thunderbird1:102.11.0-1 ... 1:140.6.0esr-1~deb11u1 (175 versions)
  • every version up to 1:140.6.0esr-1~deb12u1: fixed in 1:140.6.0esr-1~deb12u1
—
Debian:13(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
firefox-esr128.13.0esr-1 ... 140.6.0esr-1~deb12u1 (26 versions)
  • every version up to 140.6.0esr-1~deb13u1: fixed in 140.6.0esr-1~deb13u1
—
thunderbird1:128.13.0esr-1 ... 1:140.6.0esr-1~deb12u1 (31 versions)
  • every version up to 1:140.6.0esr-1~deb13u1: fixed in 1:140.6.0esr-1~deb13u1
—
Debian:14(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
firefox-esr128.13.0esr-1 ... 140.6.0esr-1~deb13u1 (27 versions)
  • every version up to 140.6.0esr-1: fixed in 140.6.0esr-1
—
thunderbird1:128.13.0esr-1 ... 1:140.6.0esr-1~deb13u1 (32 versions)
  • every version up to 1:140.6.0esr-1: fixed in 1:140.6.0esr-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(5)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 33× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 253 rows on record for this CVE, as 98 entries (2 repeats merged).

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 153 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  2. 2026-11-11 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  3. 2026-11-10 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 9th percentile
  4. 2026-11-09 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 9th percentile
  5. 2026-11-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  6. 2026-11-07 20:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pq76-9m6x-m6mx · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.5
  7. 2026-11-07 20:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-07 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  9. 2026-11-06 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  10. 2026-11-05 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  11. 2026-11-04 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  12. 2026-11-03 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  13. 2026-11-02 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  14. 2026-11-01 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  15. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  16. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  17. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  18. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  19. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  20. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  21. 2026-10-25 16:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  23. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  24. 2026-10-24 01:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-10-24 01:39 UTCVendor advisory
Show 73 more
  1. 2026-10-24 01:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pq76-9m6x-m6mx · GitHub CVSS 6.5
  2. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  3. 2026-10-22 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  4. 2026-10-21 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  5. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  6. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  7. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  8. 2026-10-18 05:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-10-17 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  10. 2026-10-16 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  11. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  12. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  13. 2026-10-13 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  14. 2026-10-12 17:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  16. 2026-10-11 20:54 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-10-11 19:04 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-11 15:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-11 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  20. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  21. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  22. 2026-10-08 17:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  23. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  24. 2026-10-07 20:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-10-07 20:39 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-10-07 20:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pq76-9m6x-m6mx · GitHub CVSS 6.5
  27. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  28. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  29. 2026-10-05 15:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-05 15:40 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-10-05 15:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pq76-9m6x-m6mx · GitHub CVSS 6.5
  32. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  33. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  34. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  35. 2026-09-30 17:28 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  36. 2026-09-30 17:28 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-09-30 17:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pq76-9m6x-m6mx · GitHub CVSS 6.5
  38. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  39. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  40. 2026-09-26 15:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  41. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  42. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  43. 2026-09-22 14:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  44. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  45. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  46. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  47. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  48. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  49. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  50. 2026-09-12 14:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  51. 2026-09-12 06:23 UTCOSV refresh
  52. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  53. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  54. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  55. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  56. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  57. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  58. 2026-09-04 13:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  59. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  60. 2026-09-02 14:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  61. 2026-09-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  62. 2026-09-01 04:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  63. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  64. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  65. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  66. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  67. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  68. 2026-08-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  69. 2026-08-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 7th percentile
  70. 2026-08-24 11:50 UTCOSV refresh
  71. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  72. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile
  73. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 8th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-14331?
CVE-2025-14331 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on December 9, 2025. Same-origin policy bypass in the Request Handling component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 146, Firefox ESR 115.31, Firefox ESR 140.6, Thunderbird 146, and Thunderbird 140.6.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-14331 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-14331 was published on December 9, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 7, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-14331 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-14331 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (10th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-14331?
CVE-2025-14331 has a CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-14331?
A fix for CVE-2025-14331 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-14331 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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