CVE-2024-5181

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2024-06-26. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2024-46427 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationThe upstream fix is not in a release yet: until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 2.7%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

An upstream fix is merged but not yet released — mitigate (WAF / firewall / segmentation) until the release ships, then apply it.

A command injection vulnerability exists in the mudler/localai version 2.14.0. The vulnerability arises from the application's handling of the backend parameter in the configuration file, which is used in the name of the initialized process. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by manipulating the path of the vulnerable binary file specified in the backend parameter, allowing the execution of arbitrary code on the system. This issue is due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command, leading to potential full control over the affected system.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
75
EG Risk 75/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it.
EPSS PROB
2.7%
EPSS %ILE
86th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
2.7% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

June 26, 2024

Last Modified

July 15, 2025

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 9, 2026
Upstream fix merged — awaiting tagged release. Sources: github_commit.
Web page

huntr - The world's first bug bounty platform for AI/ML

https://huntr.com/bounties/c6e3cb58-6fa4-4207-bb92-ae7644174661
GitHub commit

commit 1a3dedece06c (mudler/localai)

Fix landed in mudler/localai commit 1a3dedece06c — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/mudler/localai/commit/1a3dedece06cab1acc3332055d285ac540a47f0e

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 15× in last 7d / 63× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 287 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 187 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 11:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-13 11:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-11-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 86th percentile
  4. 2026-11-12 13:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-12 13:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  6. 2026-11-11 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 86th percentile
  7. 2026-11-11 15:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  8. 2026-11-10 17:37 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-10 17:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-11-10 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  11. 2026-11-09 19:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-09 19:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-11-09 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  14. 2026-11-08 21:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-08 21:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  16. 2026-11-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  17. 2026-11-08 00:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-08 00:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  19. 2026-11-07 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  20. 2026-11-07 02:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-11-07 02:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-11-06 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  23. 2026-11-06 04:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-11-06 04:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-11-05 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-05 06:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-05 06:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-11-05 04:25 UTCOSV refresh
  4. 2026-11-04 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  5. 2026-11-04 08:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-04 08:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  7. 2026-11-03 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  8. 2026-11-03 11:04 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-03 11:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-11-02 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  11. 2026-11-02 13:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-02 13:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-11-01 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  14. 2026-11-01 15:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  15. 2026-10-31 17:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-10-31 17:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  18. 2026-10-30 19:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-30 19:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  20. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  21. 2026-10-29 21:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-29 21:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  23. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  24. 2026-10-29 00:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-10-29 00:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  26. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  27. 2026-10-28 02:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  28. 2026-10-28 02:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  29. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  30. 2026-10-27 04:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  31. 2026-10-27 04:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  32. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  33. 2026-10-26 02:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  34. 2026-10-25 16:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  36. 2026-10-25 04:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-25 04:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  38. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  39. 2026-10-24 06:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-10-24 06:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  41. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  42. 2026-10-23 08:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-10-23 08:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  44. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  45. 2026-10-22 10:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  46. 2026-10-22 10:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  47. 2026-10-21 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  48. 2026-10-21 12:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-21 12:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  50. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  51. 2026-10-20 14:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-10-20 14:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  53. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  54. 2026-10-19 14:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  55. 2026-10-18 16:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  56. 2026-10-18 16:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  57. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  58. 2026-10-18 06:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  59. 2026-10-17 19:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  60. 2026-10-17 19:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  61. 2026-10-17 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  62. 2026-10-16 21:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  63. 2026-10-16 21:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  64. 2026-10-16 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  65. 2026-10-15 18:02 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  66. 2026-10-15 18:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  67. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  68. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  69. 2026-10-14 11:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  70. 2026-10-14 11:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  71. 2026-10-13 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  72. 2026-10-13 11:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  73. 2026-10-12 17:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  74. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.7% · 85th percentile
  75. 2026-10-12 13:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-8xc2-8m55-8q36 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2024-5181?
CVE-2024-5181 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on June 26, 2024. A command injection vulnerability exists in the mudler/localai version 2.14.0. The vulnerability arises from the application's handling of the backend parameter in the configuration file, which is used in the name of the initialized process. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2024-5181 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2024-5181 was published on June 26, 2024. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of July 15, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2024-5181 actively exploited?
CVE-2024-5181 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 2.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (86th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-5181?
CVE-2024-5181 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2024-5181?
An upstream fix for CVE-2024-5181 has been merged but is not yet in a tagged release. Until it ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation, then update to the release that contains the fix.

Dependency Blast Radius

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