CVE-2024-25128

CRITICALNVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2024-02-28. NVD baseline CVSS 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2024-0659 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj (GitHub Security Advisories) · PYSEC-2026-340 (OSV.dev)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.9%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Flask-AppBuilder is an application development framework, built on top of Flask. When Flask-AppBuilder is set to AUTH_TYPE AUTH_OID, it allows an attacker to forge an HTTP request, that could deceive the backend into using any requested OpenID service. This vulnerability could grant an attacker unauthorised privilege access if a custom OpenID service is deployed by the attacker and accessible by the backend. This vulnerability is only exploitable when the application is using the OpenID 2.0 authorization protocol. Upgrade to Flask-AppBuilder 4.3.11 to fix the vulnerability.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
56
EG Risk 56/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.9% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.9%
EPSS %ILE
58th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.9% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

February 29, 2024

Last Modified

October 14, 2025

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Aug 1, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Incorrect authentication when using auth type OpenID · Advisory · dpgaspar/Flask-AppBuilder · GitHub

https://github.com/dpgaspar/Flask-AppBuilder/security/advisories/GHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit 6336456d83f8 (dpgaspar/Flask-AppBuilder)

Patch available: dpgaspar/Flask-AppBuilder v4.3.11 (contains commit 6336456d83f8)

https://github.com/dpgaspar/Flask-AppBuilder/commit/6336456d83f8f111c842b2b53d1e89627f2502c8

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2024-25128(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
pipFlask-AppBuilder @ 4.3.11 (fixes < 4.3.11)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
PyPI(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
flask-appbuilder0.1.10 ... 4.3.9rc1 (313 versions)
  • every version up to 4.3.11: fixed in 4.3.11
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 14× in last 7d / 44× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 267 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 167 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  2. 2026-11-12 20:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-12 20:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  4. 2026-11-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  5. 2026-11-11 22:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-11 22:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  7. 2026-11-11 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  8. 2026-11-10 23:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-10 23:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  10. 2026-11-10 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  11. 2026-11-10 00:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-10 00:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  13. 2026-11-09 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  14. 2026-11-09 01:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-09 01:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  16. 2026-11-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  17. 2026-11-08 02:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-08 02:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  19. 2026-11-07 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  20. 2026-11-07 03:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-11-07 03:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  22. 2026-11-06 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  23. 2026-11-06 04:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-11-06 04:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  25. 2026-11-05 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-05 05:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-05 05:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  3. 2026-11-04 22:25 UTCOSV refresh
  4. 2026-11-04 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  5. 2026-11-04 06:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-04 06:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  7. 2026-11-03 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  8. 2026-11-03 07:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-03 07:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  10. 2026-11-02 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  11. 2026-11-02 08:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-02 08:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  13. 2026-11-01 09:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  14. 2026-11-01 08:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j2pw-vp55-fqqj · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  15. 2026-11-01 08:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  17. 2026-10-31 10:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-30 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  19. 2026-10-30 11:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  21. 2026-10-29 12:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  23. 2026-10-28 13:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  25. 2026-10-27 14:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  27. 2026-10-26 15:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  28. 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  29. 2026-10-25 16:09 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-24 17:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  31. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  32. 2026-10-23 18:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  33. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  34. 2026-10-22 19:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
  36. 2026-10-21 20:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  38. 2026-10-20 21:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  39. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  40. 2026-10-19 22:19 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  41. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  42. 2026-10-18 21:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  44. 2026-10-18 07:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  45. 2026-10-17 22:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  46. 2026-10-17 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  47. 2026-10-16 23:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  48. 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  49. 2026-10-15 20:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  51. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  52. 2026-10-14 14:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  53. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  54. 2026-10-13 13:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  55. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  56. 2026-10-12 14:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  57. 2026-10-11 22:54 UTCOSV refresh
  58. 2026-10-11 21:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  59. 2026-10-11 16:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  60. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  61. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  62. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  63. 2026-10-08 17:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  64. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  65. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
  66. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 56th percentile
  67. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 56th percentile
  68. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 56th percentile
  69. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 56th percentile
  70. 2026-09-30 16:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  71. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 56th percentile
  72. 2026-09-29 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 56th percentile
  73. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 56th percentile
  74. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 56th percentile
  75. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 56th percentile

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2024-25128?
CVE-2024-25128 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on February 29, 2024. Flask-AppBuilder is an application development framework, built on top of Flask. When Flask-AppBuilder is set to AUTH_TYPE AUTH_OID, it allows an attacker to forge an HTTP request, that could deceive the backend into using any requested OpenID service. This vulnerability could grant an attacker…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2024-25128 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2024-25128 was published on February 29, 2024. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 14, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2024-25128 actively exploited?
CVE-2024-25128 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.9% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (58th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-25128?
CVE-2024-25128 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2024-25128?
A fix for CVE-2024-25128 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2024-25128 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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