CVE-2023-54184

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2025-12-30. the CNA's CVSS baseline 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: cna:linux, epss, ghsa
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: target: iscsit: Free cmds before session free

Commands from recovery entries are freed after session has been closed. That leads to use-after-free at command free or NPE with such call trace:

Time2Retain timer expired for SID: 1, cleaning up iSCSI session. BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000140 RIP: 0010:sbitmap_queue_clear+0x3a/0xa0 Call Trace: target_release_cmd_kref+0xd1/0x1f0 [target_core_mod] transport_generic_free_cmd+0xd1/0x180 [target_core_mod] iscsit_free_cmd+0x53/0xd0 [iscsi_target_mod] iscsit_free_connection_recovery_entries+0x29d/0x320 [iscsi_target_mod] iscsit_close_session+0x13a/0x140 [iscsi_target_mod] iscsit_check_post_dataout+0x440/0x440 [iscsi_target_mod] call_timer_fn+0x24/0x140

Move cleanup of recovery enrties to before session freeing.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(medium)
EG Risk
49(Track)
EG Risk 49/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
45%
KEV
Not listed

Published

December 30, 2025

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

scsi: target: iscsit: Free cmds before session free - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d8990b5a4d065f38f35d69bcd627ec5a7f8330ca
generic

scsi: target: iscsit: Free cmds before session free - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4ce221d295f53e6c6b835ab33181e735482c9aac
generic

scsi: target: iscsit: Free cmds before session free - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a7a4def6c7046e090bb10c6d550fdeb487db98ba
generic

scsi: target: iscsit: Free cmds before session free - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1911cca5916b6e106de7afa3ec0a38447158216c
generic

scsi: target: iscsit: Free cmds before session free - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4621e24c9257c6379343bf0c11b473817cf7edcd
generic

scsi: target: iscsit: Free cmds before session free - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89f5055f9b0b57c7e7f02e32df95ef401f809b71

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2023-54184(3)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(3)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-553.el8_102024-05-22redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_42024-04-30redhat
linuxKernel @ 5.4.244—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 5.10.92-2 (33 versions)5.10.191-1—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux6.1.27-16.1.37-1—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux—6.3.7-1—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
linux—6.3.7-1—

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 29× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 198 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-16 05:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-16 05:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-08 21:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-02 14:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-09-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-09-01 04:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-09-01 01:04 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-30 01:20 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-26 14:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-15 01:10 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-08-15 01:10 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-08-15 01:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-12 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-11 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-10 23:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-09 22:24 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-08-09 22:24 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-08-09 22:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-08-09 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-08 08:19 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-08-08 08:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-08-08 04:35 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-08-08 04:35 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-08-08 04:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-08-07 16:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-08-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-08-06 06:46 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-08-06 06:46 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-08-06 06:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  32. 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-08-05 10:12 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-08-05 10:12 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-08-05 10:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  37. 2026-08-04 11:27 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-08-04 11:27 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-08-04 11:27 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-08-04 10:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-08-04 10:21 UTCEG score recompute▲ 9.80
  42. 2026-08-04 10:21 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-08-04 10:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-08-04 10:19 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 9.8 · severity → CRITICAL
  45. 2026-08-03 10:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-08-01 04:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-07-27 03:09 UTCOSV refresh
  54. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-25 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-07-23 02:30 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-07-22 23:16 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-07-20 17:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-07-19 14:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-07-16 17:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-07-13 22:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-13 22:28 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same product + same vendor)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-54184?
CVE-2023-54184 is a critical vulnerability published on December 30, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: target: iscsit: Free cmds before session free Commands from recovery entries are freed after session has been closed. That leads to use-after-free at command free or NPE with such call trace: Time2Retain timer expired for…
When was CVE-2023-54184 disclosed?
CVE-2023-54184 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on December 30, 2025, with the most recent update on August 5, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-54184 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-54184 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 54.9% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-54184?
CVE-2023-54184 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 9.8 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-54184?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-54184, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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