CVE-2023-4623

HIGHNVD 7.87.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2023-09-06. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2023-54476 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-j8c5-g64v-xj97 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.3%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's net/sched: sch_hfsc (HFSC qdisc traffic control) component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation.

If a class with a link-sharing curve (i.e. with the HFSC_FSC flag set) has a parent without a link-sharing curve, then init_vf() will call vttree_insert() on the parent, but vttree_remove() will be skipped in update_vf(). This leaves a dangling pointer that can cause a use-after-free.

We recommend upgrading past commit b3d26c5702c7d6c45456326e56d2ccf3f103e60f.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
35
EG Risk 35/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity78% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.3% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.3%
EPSS %ILE
21st
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-06). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 6, 2023

Last Modified

October 14, 2026

Advisory Details (7)

Auto-updated Oct 14, 2026
Patch available.
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

SSA-398330

https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-398330.html
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 3710-1] linux security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/01/msg00004.html
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 3623-1] linux-5.10 security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00027.html
Web page

net/sched: sch_hfsc: Ensure inner classes have fsc curve - kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree

https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=b3d26c5702c7d6c45456326e56d2ccf3f103e60f

Patch Availability(22)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.2.0.35.35) @ lunar2026-10-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-bluefield (5.4.0.1073.68) @ focal2026-10-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-intel-iotg (5.15.0.1043.43) @ jammy2026-10-30ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-16.04-edge (4.15.0.219.3) @ xenial2026-10-30ubuntu
redhatkernel-rt-0:3.10.0-1160.118.1.rt56.1269.el72024-04-23redhat
redhatkpatch-patch2024-04-23redhat
redhatkernel-0:3.10.0-1160.118.1.el72024-04-23redhat
redhatkernel-0:3.10.0-957.112.1.el72024-04-10redhat
redhatkernel-0:3.10.0-1062.87.1.el72024-04-10redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-193.128.1.el8_22024-03-12redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:4.18.0-193.128.1.rt13.179.el8_22024-03-12redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-513.18.1.el8_92024-02-20redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:4.18.0-513.18.1.rt7.320.el8_92024-02-20redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-477.43.1.el8_82024-01-30redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:4.18.0-305.120.1.rt7.196.el8_42024-01-30redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-305.120.1.el8_42024-01-30redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_32024-01-25redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-372.87.1.el8_62024-01-25redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-284.48.1.el9_22024-01-25redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-70.85.1.rt21.156.el9_02024-01-25redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-284.48.1.rt14.333.el9_22024-01-25redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-70.85.1.el9_02024-01-25redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(6 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:10(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux4.19.118-1 ... 4.19.98-1~bpo9+1 (45 versions)
  • every version up to 4.19.304-1: fixed in 4.19.304-1
—
linux-5.105.10.136-1~deb10u1 ... 5.10.179-5~deb10u1 (10 versions)
  • every version up to 5.10.197-1~deb10u1: fixed in 5.10.197-1~deb10u1
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 5.10.92-2 (34 versions)
  • every version up to 5.10.197-1: fixed in 5.10.197-1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.27-1 ... 6.1.55-1~bpo11+1 (10 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.55-1: fixed in 6.1.55-1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux—
  • every version up to 6.5.3-1: fixed in 6.5.3-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux—
  • every version up to 6.5.3-1: fixed in 6.5.3-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(7)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 41× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 243 rows on record for this CVE, as 96 entries (4 repeats merged).

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 143 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  2. 2026-11-11 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  3. 2026-11-10 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  4. 2026-11-09 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  5. 2026-11-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  6. 2026-11-07 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  7. 2026-11-06 20:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-06 20:58 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-11-06 20:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j8c5-g64v-xj97 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  10. 2026-11-06 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  11. 2026-11-05 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  12. 2026-11-04 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  13. 2026-11-03 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  14. 2026-11-02 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  15. 2026-11-01 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  16. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  17. 2026-10-30 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  18. 2026-10-30 05:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-30 05:30 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-30 05:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j8c5-g64v-xj97 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  21. 2026-10-30 02:25 UTCOSV refresh
  22. 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  23. 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  24. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  25. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-10-25 17:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  3. 2026-10-24 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  4. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  5. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  6. 2026-10-22 14:02 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  7. 2026-10-22 14:02 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-22 14:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j8c5-g64v-xj97 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  9. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  10. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  11. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  12. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  13. 2026-10-18 07:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-10-17 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  15. 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  16. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  17. 2026-10-14 22:31 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-14 22:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j8c5-g64v-xj97 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  19. 2026-10-14 21:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-10-14 21:45 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-10-14 21:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-j8c5-g64v-xj97 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  22. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  23. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  24. 2026-10-13 02:54 UTCOSV refresh
  25. 2026-10-12 18:17 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  27. 2026-10-11 21:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  28. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  29. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  30. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  31. 2026-10-08 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  32. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  33. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  34. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  35. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  36. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
  37. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  38. 2026-09-30 16:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  39. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  40. 2026-09-29 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  41. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  42. 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  43. 2026-09-26 00:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  44. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
  45. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  46. 2026-09-23 00:02 UTCOSV refresh
  47. 2026-09-22 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  48. 2026-09-21 20:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  49. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  50. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  51. 2026-09-17 19:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  52. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  53. 2026-09-16 05:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  54. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  55. 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  56. 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  57. 2026-09-11 14:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  58. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  59. 2026-09-08 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  60. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
  61. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  62. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  63. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  64. 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  65. 2026-09-03 18:59 UTCOSV refresh
  66. 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  67. 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  68. 2026-09-01 04:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  69. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  70. 2026-08-30 01:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
  71. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-4623?
CVE-2023-4623 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 6, 2023. A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's net/sched: sch_hfsc (HFSC qdisc traffic control) component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation. If a class with a link-sharing curve (i.e. with the HFSC_FSC flag set) has a parent without a link-sharing curve, then init_vf()…
When was CVE-2023-4623 made public?
CVE-2023-4623 was made public on August 26, 2023: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Google LLC, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on September 6, 2023. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 14, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-4623 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-4623 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (21st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-4623?
CVE-2023-4623 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-4623?
A fix for CVE-2023-4623 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2023-4623 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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