CVE-2023-40661

MEDIUMNVD 5.45.4—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 5.4 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2023-11-06. NVD baseline CVSS 5.4; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
5.4EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 5.4Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

Several memory vulnerabilities were identified within the OpenSC packages, particularly in the card enrollment process using pkcs15-init when a user or administrator enrolls cards. To take advantage of these flaws, an attacker must have physical access to the computer system and employ a custom-crafted USB device or smart card to manipulate responses to APDUs. This manipulation can potentially allow compromise key generation, certificate loading, and other card management operations during enrollment.

CVSS v3
5.4
EG Score
5.4(medium)
EG Risk
29(Track)
EG Risk 29/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity54% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
66%
KEV
Not listed

Published

November 6, 2023

Last Modified

November 3, 2025

References (19)

Patch Availability(4)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntuopensc-pkcs11 (0.25.1-2ubuntu1.1) @ oracular2026-05-24ubuntu
ubuntuopensc-pkcs11 (0.20.0-3ubuntu0.1~esm4) @ focal2026-05-24ubuntu
redhatopensc-0:0.20.0-7.el8_92023-12-19redhat
redhatopensc-0:0.23.0-3.el9_32023-12-19redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:10(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
opensc0.19.0-1, 0.19.0-1+deb10u1, 0.19.0-1+deb10u20.19.0-1+deb10u3—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
opensc0.21.0-10.21.0-1+deb11u1—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
opensc0.23.0-0.30.23.0-0.3+deb12u1—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
opensc—0.23.0-2—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
opensc—0.23.0-2—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(5)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 29× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 179 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-18 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-17 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-09-16 05:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-09-11 14:50 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-08 21:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-09-03 13:29 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-30 01:20 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-08-26 14:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-08-26 14:43 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-08-25 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-17 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-17 03:18 UTCOSV refresh
  12. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-08-11 13:39 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-08-09 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-09 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-07 16:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-08-04 15:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-08-03 10:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-08-03 10:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-08-01 21:36 UTCOSV refresh
  31. 2026-08-01 04:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-08-01 04:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-07-25 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-07-23 02:25 UTCEG score recompute
  46. 2026-07-22 23:12 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-07-20 17:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-07-19 14:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-16 17:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-07-16 17:01 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-07-15 04:49 UTCOSV refresh
  60. 2026-07-15 01:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  61. 2026-07-13 22:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-13 22:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-07-13 06:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-07-13 06:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-07-12 05:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-07-12 05:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-07-11 08:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-07-11 08:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-07-09 19:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-07-08 15:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-07-07 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-07-06 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-07-06 16:26 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-07-06 02:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-05 02:29 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same vendor + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-40661?
CVE-2023-40661 is a medium vulnerability published on November 6, 2023. Several memory vulnerabilities were identified within the OpenSC packages, particularly in the card enrollment process using pkcs15-init when a user or administrator enrolls cards. To take advantage of these flaws, an attacker must have physical access to the computer system and employ a…
When was CVE-2023-40661 disclosed?
CVE-2023-40661 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on November 6, 2023, with the most recent update on November 3, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-40661 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-40661 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 33.9% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-40661?
CVE-2023-40661 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.4 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-40661?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-40661, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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