CVE-2023-3368

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2023-11-28. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2023-44035 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationThe upstream fix is not in a release yet: until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 70%
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 70%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

An upstream fix is merged but not yet released — mitigate (WAF / firewall / segmentation) until the release ships, then apply it.

Command injection in /main/webservices/additional_webservices.php in Chamilo LMS <= v1.11.20 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain remote code execution via improper neutralisation of special characters. This is a bypass of CVE-2023-34960.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
87
EG Risk 87/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation70% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it.
EPSS PROB
70%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
70% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

November 28, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 10, 2026
Upstream fix merged — awaiting tagged release. Sources: github_commit.
Web page

(CVE-2023-3368) Chamilo LMS Unauthenticated Command Injection | STAR Labs

https://starlabs.sg/advisories/23/23-3368/
GitHub commit

commit 37be9ce7243a (chamilo/chamilo-lms)

Fix landed in chamilo/chamilo-lms commit 37be9ce7243a — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/chamilo/chamilo-lms/commit/37be9ce7243a30259047dd4517c48ff8b21d657a

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 51× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 204 rows on record for this CVE, as 99 entries (1 repeat merged).

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 104 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-12 20:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-12 20:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-11-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  4. 2026-11-11 22:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-11 22:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  6. 2026-11-11 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  7. 2026-11-11 00:29 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-11 00:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  9. 2026-11-10 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  10. 2026-11-10 02:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-10 02:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  12. 2026-11-09 04:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-11-09 04:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  14. 2026-11-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  15. 2026-11-08 06:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-11-08 06:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-11-07 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  18. 2026-11-07 08:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-11-07 08:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  20. 2026-11-06 09:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-11-06 09:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-11-05 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  23. 2026-11-05 11:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-11-05 11:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-11-04 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
Show 74 more
  1. 2026-11-04 13:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-04 13:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-11-04 13:25 UTCOSV refresh
  4. 2026-11-03 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  5. 2026-11-03 15:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  6. 2026-11-02 17:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  7. 2026-11-02 17:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  8. 2026-11-01 19:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-01 19:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-10-31 21:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-10-31 21:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  12. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  13. 2026-10-30 23:28 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-10-30 23:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  15. 2026-10-30 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  16. 2026-10-30 01:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-10-30 01:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  18. 2026-10-29 03:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-29 03:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  20. 2026-10-28 05:17 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-28 05:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  23. 2026-10-27 07:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-27 07:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-10-26 06:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  26. 2026-10-25 17:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  27. 2026-10-25 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  28. 2026-10-25 07:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  29. 2026-10-25 07:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  30. 2026-10-24 09:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  31. 2026-10-24 09:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  32. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  33. 2026-10-23 11:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  34. 2026-10-23 11:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  35. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  36. 2026-10-22 13:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-22 13:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  38. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  39. 2026-10-21 15:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  40. 2026-10-20 17:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  41. 2026-10-20 17:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  42. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  43. 2026-10-19 19:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  44. 2026-10-19 19:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  45. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  46. 2026-10-18 21:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-10-18 21:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  48. 2026-10-18 07:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-17 22:37 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-10-17 22:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  51. 2026-10-17 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  52. 2026-10-17 00:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  53. 2026-10-17 00:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  54. 2026-10-16 00:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  55. 2026-10-16 00:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  56. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  57. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  58. 2026-10-14 16:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  59. 2026-10-14 16:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  60. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  61. 2026-10-13 15:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  62. 2026-10-12 17:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  63. 2026-10-12 17:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-x9xc-jg9p-2j7f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  64. 2026-10-12 13:54 UTCOSV refresh
  65. 2026-10-11 21:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  66. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  67. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  68. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  69. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  70. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  71. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  72. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
  73. 2026-09-30 16:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  74. 2026-09-26 15:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile

Public detection templates

(1 reference)

A public Nuclei detection template is referenced for this CVE. A detection template checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code.

  • Nucleihttp/cves/2023/CVE-2023-3368.yaml
    Published Dec 5, 2023

    Chamilo LMS <= v1.11.20 Unauthenticated Command Injection

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-3368?
CVE-2023-3368 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on November 28, 2023. Command injection in /main/webservices/additional_webservices.php in Chamilo LMS <= v1.11.20 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain remote code execution via improper neutralisation of special characters. This is a bypass of CVE-2023-34960.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-3368 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-3368 was published on November 28, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-3368 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-3368 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 70% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-3368?
CVE-2023-3368 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-3368?
An upstream fix for CVE-2023-3368 has been merged but is not yet in a tagged release. Until it ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation, then update to the release that contains the fix.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2023-3368

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