CVE-2023-2838

CRITICALNVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.1 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.7% (53rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 6.1 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2023-05-22) is not newer than that change (2024-11-21), so it does not.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2023-34289 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.7%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Out-of-bounds Read in GitHub repository gpac/gpac prior to 2.2.2.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
57
EG Risk 57/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.7%
EPSS %ILE
53rd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.7% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 22, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Jul 23, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit.
Web page

[SECURITY] [DSA 5411-1] gpac security update

https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5411
Web page

huntr - The world's first bug bounty platform for AI/ML

https://huntr.dev/bounties/711e0988-5345-4c01-a2fe-1179604dd07f
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit c88df2e202ef (gpac/gpac)

Patch available: gpac/gpac v2.4.0 (contains commit c88df2e202ef)

https://github.com/gpac/gpac/commit/c88df2e202efad214c25b4e586f243b2038779ba

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gpac1.0.1+dfsg1-4, 1.0.1+dfsg1-4+deb11u1
  • every version on: no fix on record
  • every version up to 1.0.1+dfsg1-4+deb11u2: fixed in 1.0.1+dfsg1-4+deb11u2
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 14× in last 7d / 52× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 269 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 169 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  2. 2026-11-13 01:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-13 01:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  4. 2026-11-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  5. 2026-11-12 02:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-12 02:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  7. 2026-11-11 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  8. 2026-11-11 02:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-11 02:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  10. 2026-11-10 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  11. 2026-11-10 03:17 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-10 03:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  13. 2026-11-09 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  14. 2026-11-09 04:02 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-09 04:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  16. 2026-11-08 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  17. 2026-11-08 04:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-08 04:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  19. 2026-11-07 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  20. 2026-11-07 05:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-11-07 05:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  22. 2026-11-06 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  23. 2026-11-06 06:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-11-06 06:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  25. 2026-11-05 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-05 07:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-05 07:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  3. 2026-11-04 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  4. 2026-11-04 11:55 UTCOSV refresh
  5. 2026-11-04 07:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-04 07:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  7. 2026-11-03 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  8. 2026-11-03 08:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  9. 2026-11-03 08:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  10. 2026-11-02 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  11. 2026-11-02 09:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-02 09:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  13. 2026-11-01 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  14. 2026-11-01 10:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-01 10:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  16. 2026-10-31 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  17. 2026-10-31 10:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-31 10:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  19. 2026-10-30 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  20. 2026-10-30 11:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-30 11:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  22. 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  23. 2026-10-29 12:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-29 12:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  25. 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  26. 2026-10-28 12:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  27. 2026-10-28 12:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  28. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  29. 2026-10-27 13:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-27 13:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  31. 2026-10-26 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  32. 2026-10-26 13:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  33. 2026-10-26 13:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  34. 2026-10-25 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  35. 2026-10-25 14:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  36. 2026-10-25 14:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  37. 2026-10-24 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  38. 2026-10-24 14:59 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  39. 2026-10-24 14:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-22pv-795j-9r7p · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  40. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  41. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  42. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  43. 2026-10-20 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  44. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  45. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  46. 2026-10-18 08:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  48. 2026-10-16 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  49. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  50. 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  51. 2026-10-14 05:24 UTCOSV refresh
  52. 2026-10-13 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  53. 2026-10-12 18:29 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  54. 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  55. 2026-10-11 21:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  56. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  57. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  58. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  59. 2026-10-08 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  60. 2026-10-07 23:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  61. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  62. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  63. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  64. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  65. 2026-10-02 16:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  66. 2026-10-01 19:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  67. 2026-09-30 16:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  68. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  69. 2026-09-29 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  70. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  71. 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  72. 2026-09-26 00:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  73. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  74. 2026-09-23 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
  75. 2026-09-23 11:23 UTCOSV refresh

Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-2838?
CVE-2023-2838 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 22, 2023. Out-of-bounds Read in GitHub repository gpac/gpac prior to 2.2.2.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-2838 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-2838 was published on May 22, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-2838 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-2838 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (53rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-2838?
CVE-2023-2838 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-2838?
A fix for CVE-2023-2838 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2023-2838

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2023-2838?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.

Book a Demo →Browse All CVEs