CVE-2023-27997

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

Score elevated to 9.8 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2023-06-13), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: cisa_kev, epss, ghsa, nvd
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild
9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • 3 internet-exposed hosts are running an affected version right now
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV)
  • Linked to ransomware campaigns
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 86%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: cisa kev · ssvc active · kev ransomware · epss top5pct · epss high · public exploitExposed: 3

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS version 7.2.4 and below, version 7.0.11 and below, version 6.4.12 and below, version 6.0.16 and below and FortiProxy version 7.2.3 and below, version 7.0.9 and below, version 2.0.12 and below, version 1.2 all versions, version 1.1 all versions SSL-VPN may allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via specifically crafted requests.

Live · internet exposure

3 internet-exposed hosts are running an affected version of CVE-2023-27997 right now.

across 3 countries (Italy, Switzerland, United States)top: fortios🔒 ransomware-linked
See the live KEV-Exposure radar →Found passively from public internet-scan data — aggregate, host-redacted.

EchelonGraph is the only CVE feed that fuses live vulnerability intelligence with its own live internet-exposure radar — so you see not just that a CVE is exploited, but how much of the internet is exposed to it right now.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(high)
EG Risk
99(Act)
EG Risk 99/100SSVC: Act

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation100% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
Action: Fix now — active exploitation, automatable, high impact.
EPSS PROB
86%
EPSS %ILE
100%
KEV
⚠ Exploited

Published

June 13, 2023

Last Modified

October 24, 2025

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Jul 28, 2026
⚠️ Active exploitation confirmed. Patch available. Sources: cisa.
cisa Patch Available🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-27997
generic

PSIRT | FortiGuard Labs

https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-23-097

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 36× in last 7d / 187× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 385 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-28 06:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-07-28 02:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-07-27 21:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-07-27 19:24 UTCCISA KEV update
  5. 2026-07-27 17:31 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-07-27 17:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-07-27 17:17 UTCCISA KEV update
  8. 2026-07-27 14:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-27 13:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-07-27 08:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-07-27 04:22 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-07-26 23:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-07-26 19:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-07-26 15:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-07-26 10:44 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-07-26 10:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-07-26 06:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-07-26 01:56 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-07-26 01:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-07-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-23 02:20 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-07-22 22:43 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-07-22 22:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-07-22 19:40 UTCCISA KEV update
  25. 2026-07-22 18:18 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-07-22 18:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-22 13:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-07-22 09:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-07-22 05:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-07-22 00:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-07-21 20:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-07-21 15:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-07-21 14:37 UTCCISA KEV update
  11. 2026-07-21 11:33 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-07-21 07:07 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-07-21 02:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-07-20 22:19 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-07-20 17:56 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-07-20 17:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-07-20 17:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-20 13:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-07-20 09:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-07-20 04:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-07-19 19:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-07-19 15:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-07-19 11:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-07-19 06:49 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-07-19 06:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-07-19 02:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-07-18 22:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  30. 2026-07-18 17:39 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-07-18 13:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  32. 2026-07-18 08:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  33. 2026-07-18 04:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  34. 2026-07-18 00:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  35. 2026-07-17 19:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-07-17 15:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  37. 2026-07-17 10:55 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-07-17 10:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  39. 2026-07-17 06:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-07-17 02:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-07-16 21:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  42. 2026-07-16 17:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  43. 2026-07-16 17:04 UTCCISA KEV update
  44. 2026-07-16 12:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  45. 2026-07-16 08:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-07-16 04:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-07-15 23:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  48. 2026-07-15 19:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  49. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-07-15 16:49 UTCCISA KEV update
  52. 2026-07-15 15:04 UTCCISA KEV update
  53. 2026-07-15 15:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  54. 2026-07-15 10:39 UTCGHSA enrichment
  55. 2026-07-15 06:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-07-15 01:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  57. 2026-07-14 21:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-07-14 18:05 UTCCISA KEV update
  59. 2026-07-14 17:05 UTCGHSA enrichment
  60. 2026-07-14 12:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  61. 2026-07-14 08:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-07-14 03:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  63. 2026-07-13 23:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  64. 2026-07-13 19:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  65. 2026-07-13 17:07 UTCCISA KEV update
  66. 2026-07-13 14:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  67. 2026-07-13 10:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  68. 2026-07-13 05:59 UTCGHSA enrichment
  69. 2026-07-13 01:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-07-12 21:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  71. 2026-07-12 16:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  72. 2026-07-12 12:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  73. 2026-07-12 08:03 UTCGHSA enrichment
  74. 2026-07-12 05:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-07-12 03:40 UTCGHSA enrichment

Publicly available exploits

(5 references)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (5 GitHub PoCs). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • GitHub PoClexfo/xortigate-cve-2023-27997
    First seen Oct 12, 2023

    xortigate-cve-2023-27997

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCdelsploit/CVE-2023-27997
    First seen Oct 12, 2023
    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCTechinsightsPro/ShodanFortiOS
    First seen Jul 11, 2023

    Search vulnerable FortiOS devices via Shodan (CVE-2023-27997)

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCBishopFox/CVE-2023-27997-check
    First seen Jun 16, 2023

    Safely detect whether a FortiGate SSL VPN instance is vulnerable to CVE-2023-27997 based on response timing

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCrio128128/CVE-2023-27997-POC
    First seen Jun 16, 2023

    POC FortiOS SSL-VPN buffer overflow vulnerability

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2023-27997?
CVE-2023-27997 is a critical vulnerability published on June 13, 2023. A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS version 7.2.4 and below, version 7.0.11 and below, version 6.4.12 and below, version 6.0.16 and below and FortiProxy version 7.2.3 and below, version 7.0.9 and below, version 2.0.12 and below, version 1.2 all versions, version 1.1 all…
When was CVE-2023-27997 disclosed?
CVE-2023-27997 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on June 13, 2023, with the most recent update on October 24, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-27997 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2023-27997 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on June 13, 2023, affecting Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate patching attention.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-27997?
CVE-2023-27997 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
Which products are affected by CVE-2023-27997?
CVE-2023-27997 affects Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN. The full affected-products list, including version ranges and fixed versions, is shown in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2023-27997?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-27997, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2023-27997

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