CVE-2022-45442

HIGHNVD 8.88.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.6%, top 53% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Elevated
8.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

Sinatra is a domain-specific language for creating web applications in Ruby. An issue was discovered in Sinatra 2.0 before 2.2.3 and 3.0 before 3.0.4. An application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack that sets the Content-Disposition header of a response when the filename is derived from user-supplied input. Version 2.2.3 and 3.0.4 contain patches for this issue.

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
8.8(medium)
EG Risk
56(Track*)
EG Risk 56/100SSVC: Track*

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity88% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Watch closely — could escalate to Attend.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
50%
KEV
Not listed

Published

November 28, 2022

Last Modified

November 4, 2025

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Aug 19, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
generic Patch Available

[SECURITY] [DLA 3877-1] ruby-sinatra security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00020.html
generic Patch Available

[SECURITY] [DLA 3264-1] ruby-sinatra security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/01/msg00005.html
github Patch Available

Sinatra vulnerable to Reflected File Download attack · Advisory · sinatra/sinatra · GitHub

https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/security/advisories/GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw
github_commit

commit ea8fc9495a35 (sinatra/sinatra)

Fix landed in sinatra/sinatra commit ea8fc9495a35 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/commit/ea8fc9495a350f7551b39e3025bfcd06f49f363b
github Patch Available

Django vulnerable to Reflected File Download attack · CVE-2022-36359 · GitHub Advisory Database · GitHub

https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8x94-hmjh-97hq
generic
https://www.blackhat.com/docs/eu-14/materials/eu-14-Hafif-Reflected-File-Download-A-New-Web-Attack-Vector.pdf

Patch Availability(8)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubunturuby-sinatra (1.4.7-3ubuntu0.1~esm2) @ xenial2026-05-25ubuntu
redhatpcs-0:0.11.3-4.el9_1.22023-02-28redhat
redhatpcs-0:0.10.2-4.el8_1.32023-02-21redhat
redhatpcs-0:0.10.14-5.el8_7.22023-02-21redhat
redhatpcs-0:0.10.8-1.el8_4.32023-01-30redhat
redhatpcs-0:0.11.1-10.el9_0.32023-01-30redhat
redhatpcs-0:0.10.12-6.el8_6.32023-01-24redhat
redhatpcs-0:0.10.4-6.el8_2.42023-01-24redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(6 across 6 ecosystems)
Debian:10(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
ruby-sinatra2.0.5-4, 2.0.5-4+deb10u12.0.5-4+deb10u2—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
ruby-sinatra2.0.8.1-22.0.8.1-2+deb11u1—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
ruby-sinatra—3.0.5-2—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
ruby-sinatra—3.0.5-2—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
ruby-sinatra—3.0.5-2—
RubyGems(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
sinatra2.0.0 ... 2.2.2 (15 versions)2.2.3—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(8)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 5× in last 7d / 27× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 161 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-09-16 05:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-09-15 03:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescore
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  11. 2026-09-05 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-09-04 22:24 UTCOSV refresh
  13. 2026-09-04 13:57 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-08-21 23:46 UTCEPSS rescore
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  3. 2026-08-19 17:01 UTCEPSS rescore
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  5. 2026-08-18 13:45 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-08-18 09:34 UTCOSV refresh
  7. 2026-08-17 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-08-16 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-08-16 14:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-08-15 01:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescore
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  14. 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescore
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  19. 2026-08-06 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-08-04 15:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-08-04 10:35 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-08-03 10:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-08-03 04:57 UTCOSV refresh
  25. 2026-08-02 02:24 UTCEPSS rescore
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  27. 2026-08-01 04:13 UTCEPSS rescore
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  37. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-07-23 02:15 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-07-22 23:02 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescore
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  43. 2026-07-20 17:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-07-19 14:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescore
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  47. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-07-18 10:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-07-16 14:19 UTCOSV refresh
  50. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-07-15 01:58 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-07-13 22:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-07-13 06:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-12 05:44 UTCEPSS rescore
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  58. 2026-07-09 19:08 UTCEPSS rescore
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  60. 2026-07-07 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
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  63. 2026-07-05 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
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  72. 2026-06-28 12:49 UTCOSV refresh
  73. 2026-06-28 04:54 UTCEPSS rescore
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  75. 2026-06-27 03:07 UTCEPSS rescore

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2022-45442?
CVE-2022-45442 is a high vulnerability published on November 28, 2022. Sinatra is a domain-specific language for creating web applications in Ruby. An issue was discovered in Sinatra 2.0 before 2.2.3 and 3.0 before 3.0.4. An application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack that sets the Content-Disposition header of a response when the filename is…
When was CVE-2022-45442 disclosed?
CVE-2022-45442 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on November 28, 2022, with the most recent update on November 4, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2022-45442 actively exploited?
CVE-2022-45442 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 49.7% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2022-45442?
CVE-2022-45442 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2022-45442?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2022-45442, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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