CVE-2021-43523

CRITICALNVD 9.69.6
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.6 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2022-05-24. NVD baseline CVSS 9.6; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2021-30452 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.6EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 3.1%CVSS: 9.6Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In uClibc and uClibc-ng before 1.0.39, incorrect handling of special characters in domain names returned by DNS servers via gethostbyname, getaddrinfo, gethostbyaddr, and getnameinfo can lead to output of wrong hostnames (leading to domain hijacking) or injection into applications (leading to remote code execution, XSS, applications crashes, etc.). In other words, a validation step, which is expected in any stub resolver, does not occur.

CVSS v3
9.6
EG Score
9.6CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
59
EG Risk 59/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity96% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.6 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
3.1%
EPSS %ILE
87th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.6): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.6 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.6 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
3.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

November 10, 2021

Last Modified

May 5, 2025

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Oct 2, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit.
Web page

oss-security - [CVE-2021-43523] Incorrect handling of special characters in domain names in uclibc and uclibc-ng

https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/11/09/1
GitHub commit

commit 0f822af0445e (wbx-github/uclibc-ng)

Fix landed in wbx-github/uclibc-ng commit 0f822af0445e — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/wbx-github/uclibc-ng/commit/0f822af0445e5348ce7b7bd8ce1204244f31d174
Web page

Welcome to uClibc-ng! - Embedded C library

https://uclibc-ng.org/

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2021-43523(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
uclibc1.0.35-1, 1.0.54-1
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
uclibc1.0.35-1, 1.0.54-1
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
uclibc1.0.35-1, 1.0.54-1
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
uclibc1.0.35-1, 1.0.54-1
  • every version on: no fix on record
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 18× in last 7d / 79× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 299 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 199 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 06:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-13 06:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  3. 2026-11-12 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  4. 2026-11-12 07:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-12 07:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  6. 2026-11-11 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  7. 2026-11-11 09:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-11-11 09:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  9. 2026-11-10 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  10. 2026-11-10 11:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-11-10 11:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  12. 2026-11-09 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  13. 2026-11-09 12:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-09 12:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  15. 2026-11-08 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  16. 2026-11-08 14:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  17. 2026-11-08 14:40 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-11-08 14:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  19. 2026-11-07 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  20. 2026-11-07 16:24 UTCVendor advisory
  21. 2026-11-07 16:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  22. 2026-11-06 18:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-11-06 18:07 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-11-06 18:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  25. 2026-11-06 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-05 19:49 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-05 19:49 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-05 19:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  4. 2026-11-05 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  5. 2026-11-04 21:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-04 21:33 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-11-04 21:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  8. 2026-11-04 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  9. 2026-11-03 23:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-03 23:16 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-11-03 23:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  12. 2026-11-03 21:25 UTCOSV refresh
  13. 2026-11-03 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  14. 2026-11-03 00:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  15. 2026-11-03 00:58 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-11-03 00:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  17. 2026-11-02 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  18. 2026-11-02 02:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-11-02 02:40 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-11-02 02:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  21. 2026-11-01 04:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-11-01 04:24 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-11-01 04:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  24. 2026-10-31 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  25. 2026-10-31 06:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-31 06:07 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-10-31 06:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  28. 2026-10-30 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  29. 2026-10-30 07:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-30 07:48 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-10-30 07:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  32. 2026-10-29 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  33. 2026-10-29 09:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  34. 2026-10-29 09:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  35. 2026-10-28 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  36. 2026-10-28 11:15 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-28 11:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  38. 2026-10-27 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  39. 2026-10-27 12:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-10-27 12:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  41. 2026-10-26 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  42. 2026-10-26 14:05 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-10-26 14:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  44. 2026-10-25 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  45. 2026-10-25 15:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  46. 2026-10-25 15:21 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-10-25 15:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  48. 2026-10-24 17:04 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-24 17:04 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-10-24 17:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  51. 2026-10-24 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  52. 2026-10-23 18:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  53. 2026-10-23 18:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  54. 2026-10-23 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  55. 2026-10-22 20:19 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  56. 2026-10-22 20:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  57. 2026-10-22 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  58. 2026-10-21 21:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  59. 2026-10-21 21:58 UTCVendor advisory
  60. 2026-10-21 21:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  61. 2026-10-21 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  62. 2026-10-20 22:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  63. 2026-10-20 22:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  64. 2026-10-20 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  65. 2026-10-20 00:35 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  66. 2026-10-20 00:35 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-10-20 00:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  68. 2026-10-19 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  69. 2026-10-18 23:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  70. 2026-10-18 23:32 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-10-18 23:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-65xv-vmv6-8r3f · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.6
  72. 2026-10-18 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  73. 2026-10-18 08:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  74. 2026-10-18 01:14 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  75. 2026-10-18 01:14 UTCVendor advisory

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2021-43523?
CVE-2021-43523 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on November 10, 2021. In uClibc and uClibc-ng before 1.0.39, incorrect handling of special characters in domain names returned by DNS servers via gethostbyname, getaddrinfo, gethostbyaddr, and getnameinfo can lead to output of wrong hostnames (leading to domain hijacking) or injection into applications (leading to…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2021-43523 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2021-43523 was published on November 10, 2021. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of May 5, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2021-43523 actively exploited?
CVE-2021-43523 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 3.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (87th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-43523?
CVE-2021-43523 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.6 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2021-43523?
A fix for CVE-2021-43523 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2021-43523 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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