CVE-2021-39199

CRITICALNVD 10.010.0
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 10.0 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2021-09-07. NVD baseline CVSS 10.0; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2021-2027 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

10.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.1%CVSS: 10.0Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

remark-html is an open source nodejs library which compiles Markdown to HTML. In affected versions the documentation of remark-html has mentioned that it was safe by default. In practice the default was never safe and had to be opted into. That is, user input was not sanitized. This means arbitrary HTML can be passed through leading to potential XSS attacks. The problem has been patched in 13.0.2 and 14.0.1: remark-html is now safe by default, and the implementation matches the documentation. On older affected versions, pass sanitize: true if you cannot update.

CVSS v3
10.0
EG Score
10.0CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
45
EG Risk 45/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity100% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 10.0 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation1.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's BOD 26-04 default: no one has published Automatable for this CVE, and CISA treats it as “no” for a CVE not in KEV.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
1.1%
EPSS %ILE
65th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (10.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 10.0 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
10.0 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
1.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). Where an input reads “CISA's BOD 26-04 default”, no one has published it for this CVE, and CISA's implementation guidance says: “If “Automatable” and “Technical Impact” information items about a CVE ID are not available and the CVE ID is not in the KEV Catalog, CISA will treat its values as “no” and “total,” respectively, until CISA or a third party provides metadata about the CVE ID. CISA will always provide the Vulnrichment data for a CVE ID listed in the KEV Catalog.” Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 7, 2021

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Nov 9, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit, github_release.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Unsafe defaults in `remark-html` · Advisory · remarkjs/remark-html · GitHub

Affected: 13.0.2 and 14.0.1:

https://github.com/remarkjs/remark-html/security/advisories/GHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m
GitHub release Patch Available

14.0.1

Patch available: remarkjs/remark-html 14.0.1

https://github.com/remarkjs/remark-html/releases/tag/14.0.1
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit b75c9dde582a (remarkjs/remark-html)

Patch available: remarkjs/remark-html 14.0.1 (contains commit b75c9dde582a)

https://github.com/remarkjs/remark-html/commit/b75c9dde582ad87ba498e369c033dc8a350478c1

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2021-39199(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(2)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
npmremark-html @ 14.0.1 (fixes = 14.0.0)—ghsa
npmremark-html @ 13.0.2 (fixes < 13.0.2)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
remark-html14.0.0
  • every version up to 13.0.2: fixed in 13.0.2
  • 14.0.0 up to 14.0.1: fixed in 14.0.1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 15× in last 7d / 46× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 272 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 172 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  2. 2026-11-13 15:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  3. 2026-11-12 17:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  4. 2026-11-12 17:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  5. 2026-11-12 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  6. 2026-11-11 18:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  7. 2026-11-11 18:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  8. 2026-11-11 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  9. 2026-11-10 20:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-10 20:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  11. 2026-11-10 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  12. 2026-11-09 21:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-11-09 21:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  14. 2026-11-09 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  15. 2026-11-08 23:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-11-08 23:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  17. 2026-11-08 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  18. 2026-11-08 00:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-11-08 00:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  20. 2026-11-07 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  21. 2026-11-07 02:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-11-07 02:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  23. 2026-11-06 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  24. 2026-11-06 03:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-11-06 03:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-05 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  2. 2026-11-05 05:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-05 05:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  4. 2026-11-04 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  5. 2026-11-04 06:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-04 06:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  7. 2026-11-03 19:55 UTCOSV refresh
  8. 2026-11-03 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  9. 2026-11-03 08:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-03 08:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  11. 2026-11-02 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  12. 2026-11-02 09:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-11-02 09:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  14. 2026-11-01 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  15. 2026-11-01 11:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  16. 2026-11-01 08:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-9q5w-79cv-947m · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  17. 2026-11-01 08:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-31 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  19. 2026-10-31 12:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-10-30 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  21. 2026-10-30 14:12 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-29 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  23. 2026-10-28 17:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-28 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  25. 2026-10-27 18:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-27 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  27. 2026-10-26 19:56 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  28. 2026-10-26 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  29. 2026-10-25 18:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-25 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  31. 2026-10-24 20:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  32. 2026-10-24 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  33. 2026-10-23 22:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  34. 2026-10-23 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  35. 2026-10-22 23:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  36. 2026-10-22 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  37. 2026-10-22 01:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  38. 2026-10-21 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  39. 2026-10-21 02:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-10-20 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  41. 2026-10-20 03:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  42. 2026-10-19 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  43. 2026-10-19 04:29 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  44. 2026-10-18 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  45. 2026-10-18 05:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  46. 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  47. 2026-10-17 07:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  48. 2026-10-16 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  49. 2026-10-16 08:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-10-15 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  51. 2026-10-15 08:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  53. 2026-10-14 04:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  54. 2026-10-13 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  55. 2026-10-12 19:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  56. 2026-10-12 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  57. 2026-10-11 23:37 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  58. 2026-10-11 13:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  59. 2026-10-10 19:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  60. 2026-10-09 20:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  61. 2026-10-08 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  62. 2026-10-07 23:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  63. 2026-10-06 15:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  64. 2026-10-05 17:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  65. 2026-10-04 23:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  66. 2026-10-03 14:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  67. 2026-10-01 19:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  68. 2026-09-30 15:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  69. 2026-09-30 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  70. 2026-09-29 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  71. 2026-09-28 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  72. 2026-09-27 13:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  73. 2026-09-26 15:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  74. 2026-09-26 00:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 63rd percentile
  75. 2026-09-25 18:15 UTCOSV refresh

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2021-39199?
CVE-2021-39199 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 7, 2021. remark-html is an open source nodejs library which compiles Markdown to HTML. In affected versions the documentation of remark-html has mentioned that it was safe by default. In practice the default was never safe and had to be opted into. That is, user input was not sanitized. This means arbitrary…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2021-39199 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2021-39199 was published on September 7, 2021. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2021-39199 actively exploited?
CVE-2021-39199 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (65th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-39199?
CVE-2021-39199 has a CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2021-39199?
A fix for CVE-2021-39199 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2021-39199 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2021-39199

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