CVE-2021-32495

CRITICALNVD 10.010.0
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 10.0 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2023-07-07. NVD baseline CVSS 10.0; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2021-19341 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

10.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationThe upstream fix is not in a release yet: until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.8%CVSS: 10.0Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

An upstream fix is merged but not yet released — mitigate (WAF / firewall / segmentation) until the release ships, then apply it.

Radare2 has a use-after-free vulnerability in pyc parser's get_none_object function. Attacker can read freed memory afterwards. This will allow attackers to cause denial of service.

CVSS v3
10.0
EG Score
10.0CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
60
EG Risk 60/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity100% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 10.0 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.8% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it.
EPSS PROB
0.8%
EPSS %ILE
56th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (10.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 10.0 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
10.0 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.8% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high, then apply it.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 7, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Nov 9, 2026
Upstream fix merged — awaiting tagged release. Sources: github_commit.
Web page

Heap-use-after-free bug on .pyc parser · Issue #18666 · radareorg/radare2 · GitHub

https://github.com/radareorg/radare2/issues/18666
GitHub commit

commit 5e16e2d1c9fe (radareorg/radare2)

Fix landed in radareorg/radare2 commit 5e16e2d1c9fe — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/radareorg/radare2/commit/5e16e2d1c9fe245e4c17005d779fde91ec0b9c05

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 15× in last 7d / 63× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 291 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 191 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  2. 2026-11-13 11:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-13 11:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  4. 2026-11-12 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  5. 2026-11-12 13:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-12 13:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  7. 2026-11-11 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 56th percentile
  8. 2026-11-11 16:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  9. 2026-11-10 18:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-10 18:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  11. 2026-11-10 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  12. 2026-11-09 20:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-11-09 20:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  14. 2026-11-09 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  15. 2026-11-08 23:07 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-11-08 23:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  17. 2026-11-08 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  18. 2026-11-08 01:29 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-11-08 01:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  20. 2026-11-07 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  21. 2026-11-07 03:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-11-07 03:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  23. 2026-11-06 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  24. 2026-11-06 06:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-11-06 06:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-05 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  2. 2026-11-05 08:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  3. 2026-11-05 08:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  4. 2026-11-04 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  5. 2026-11-04 10:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-04 10:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  7. 2026-11-03 18:25 UTCOSV refresh
  8. 2026-11-03 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  9. 2026-11-03 13:19 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-03 13:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  11. 2026-11-02 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  12. 2026-11-02 15:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  13. 2026-11-01 17:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-01 17:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  15. 2026-10-31 20:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-10-31 20:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  17. 2026-10-31 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  18. 2026-10-30 22:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-10-30 22:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  20. 2026-10-30 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  21. 2026-10-30 00:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  22. 2026-10-30 00:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  23. 2026-10-29 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  24. 2026-10-29 03:17 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  25. 2026-10-29 03:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  26. 2026-10-28 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  27. 2026-10-28 05:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  28. 2026-10-28 05:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  29. 2026-10-27 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  30. 2026-10-27 08:02 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  31. 2026-10-27 08:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  32. 2026-10-26 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  33. 2026-10-26 08:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  34. 2026-10-25 18:28 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-10-25 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  36. 2026-10-25 10:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-25 10:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  38. 2026-10-24 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  39. 2026-10-24 12:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-10-24 12:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  41. 2026-10-23 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  42. 2026-10-23 15:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  43. 2026-10-22 17:21 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  44. 2026-10-22 17:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  45. 2026-10-22 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  46. 2026-10-21 19:04 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-10-21 19:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  48. 2026-10-21 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 55th percentile
  49. 2026-10-20 21:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  50. 2026-10-20 21:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  51. 2026-10-20 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  52. 2026-10-19 23:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  53. 2026-10-19 23:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  54. 2026-10-19 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  55. 2026-10-18 23:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  56. 2026-10-18 23:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  57. 2026-10-18 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  58. 2026-10-18 09:01 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  59. 2026-10-18 00:26 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  60. 2026-10-18 00:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  61. 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  62. 2026-10-17 02:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  63. 2026-10-17 02:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  64. 2026-10-16 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  65. 2026-10-16 04:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  66. 2026-10-16 04:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  67. 2026-10-15 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  68. 2026-10-15 02:58 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  69. 2026-10-15 02:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  70. 2026-10-14 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  71. 2026-10-13 23:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  72. 2026-10-13 23:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  73. 2026-10-13 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.8% · 54th percentile
  74. 2026-10-12 19:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-43pp-rgp9-c5h8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 10.0
  75. 2026-10-12 19:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2021-32495?
CVE-2021-32495 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 7, 2023. Radare2 has a use-after-free vulnerability in pyc parser's get_none_object function. Attacker can read freed memory afterwards. This will allow attackers to cause denial of service.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2021-32495 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2021-32495 was published on July 7, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2021-32495 actively exploited?
CVE-2021-32495 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.8% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (56th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-32495?
CVE-2021-32495 has a CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2021-32495?
An upstream fix for CVE-2021-32495 has been merged but is not yet in a tagged release. Until it ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation, then update to the release that contains the fix.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2021-32495

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2021-32495?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.