CVE-2019-12991

CRITICALNVD 8.89.0▲
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2022-03-25), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 8.8 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: cisa_kev, epss, ghsa, nvd
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild
9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV)
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 74%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: cisa kev · ssvc active · Exploit-DB (verified) · epss top5pct · epss high · public exploitExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Citrix SD-WAN 10.2.x before 10.2.3 and NetScaler SD-WAN 10.0.x before 10.0.8 have Improper Input Validation (issue 5 of 6).

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
9.0(high)
EG Risk
81(Attend)
EG Risk 81/100SSVC: Attend

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity90% × 45%
Exploitation100% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Remediate soon — notable exploitation risk.
EPSS PROB
74%
EPSS %ILE
99%
KEV
⚠ Exploited

Published

July 16, 2019

Last Modified

November 6, 2025

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Jun 2, 2026
⚠️ Active exploitation confirmed. Patch available. Sources: cisa.
cisa Patch Available🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2019-12991
generic🟡 PoC Available

Citrix SD-WAN Appliance Multiple Vulnerabilities - Research Advisory | Tenable®

https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2019-32
generic

Loading...

https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX251987
generic
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/109133

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 54× in last 7d / 223× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 828 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-09-20 14:41 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-09-20 10:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-09-20 06:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-09-20 02:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-09-19 22:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-09-19 18:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-09-19 14:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  8. 2026-09-19 10:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-09-19 06:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-09-19 02:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-09-18 22:14 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-09-18 22:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-09-18 19:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-09-18 19:20 UTCCISA KEV update
  15. 2026-09-18 18:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-09-18 14:15 UTCCISA KEV update
  17. 2026-09-18 14:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-09-18 10:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-09-18 06:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-09-18 02:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-09-17 21:59 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-09-17 21:59 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-09-17 19:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-09-17 17:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-09-17 13:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-09-17 09:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  2. 2026-09-17 05:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-09-17 01:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-09-16 21:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-09-16 17:40 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-09-16 17:39 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-09-16 14:10 UTCCISA KEV update
  8. 2026-09-16 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-09-16 13:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-09-16 09:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-09-16 05:23 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-09-16 05:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-09-16 01:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-09-15 21:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-09-15 17:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-09-15 13:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  17. 2026-09-15 09:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-09-15 05:10 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-09-15 05:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-09-15 03:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-09-15 01:05 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-09-14 21:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  23. 2026-09-14 19:24 UTCCISA KEV update
  24. 2026-09-14 17:00 UTCGHSA enrichment
  25. 2026-09-14 12:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-09-14 08:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-09-14 04:53 UTCGHSA enrichment
  28. 2026-09-14 00:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-09-13 20:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  30. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  31. 2026-09-13 12:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  32. 2026-09-13 08:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  33. 2026-09-13 04:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  34. 2026-09-13 00:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  35. 2026-09-12 20:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-09-12 16:32 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-09-12 16:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  38. 2026-09-12 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-09-12 12:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-09-12 08:27 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-09-12 04:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  42. 2026-09-12 00:22 UTCGHSA enrichment
  43. 2026-09-11 20:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-09-11 18:49 UTCCISA KEV update
  45. 2026-09-11 16:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-09-11 12:15 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-09-11 12:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  48. 2026-09-11 08:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  49. 2026-09-11 04:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-09-11 00:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  51. 2026-09-10 20:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  52. 2026-09-10 19:28 UTCCISA KEV update
  53. 2026-09-10 16:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  54. 2026-09-10 11:59 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-09-10 11:59 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-09-10 07:57 UTCGHSA enrichment
  57. 2026-09-10 03:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-09-09 23:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  59. 2026-09-09 19:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  60. 2026-09-09 19:08 UTCCISA KEV update
  61. 2026-09-09 15:47 UTCGHSA enrichment
  62. 2026-09-09 11:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  63. 2026-09-09 07:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  64. 2026-09-09 03:38 UTCGHSA enrichment
  65. 2026-09-08 23:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  66. 2026-09-08 19:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  67. 2026-09-08 18:54 UTCCISA KEV update
  68. 2026-09-08 15:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  69. 2026-09-08 11:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-09-08 07:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  71. 2026-09-08 03:16 UTCGHSA enrichment
  72. 2026-09-07 23:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  73. 2026-09-07 19:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  74. 2026-09-07 15:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  75. 2026-09-07 11:05 UTCGHSA enrichment

Publicly available exploits

(1 reference)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (1 Exploit-DB entry). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • Exploit-DBEDB-47112✓ verified
    First seen Jul 12, 2019

    Citrix SD-WAN Appliance 10.2.2 - Authentication Bypass / Remote Command Execution

    Open source ↗

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2019-12991?
CVE-2019-12991 is a critical vulnerability published on July 16, 2019. Citrix SD-WAN 10.2.x before 10.2.3 and NetScaler SD-WAN 10.0.x before 10.0.8 have Improper Input Validation (issue 5 of 6).
When was CVE-2019-12991 disclosed?
CVE-2019-12991 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on July 16, 2019, with the most recent update on November 6, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2019-12991 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2019-12991 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on March 25, 2022, affecting Citrix SD-WAN and NetScaler. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate patching attention.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-12991?
CVE-2019-12991 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0.
Which products are affected by CVE-2019-12991?
CVE-2019-12991 affects Citrix SD-WAN and NetScaler. The full affected-products list, including version ranges and fixed versions, is shown in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2019-12991?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2019-12991, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2019-12991

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2019-12991?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.

Start Free Scan →Browse All CVEs