CVE-2019-12991

CRITICALNVD 8.89.0▲
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2022-03-25), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 8.8 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: cisa_kev, epss, ghsa, nvd
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild
9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV)
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 74%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: cisa kev · ssvc active · Exploit-DB (verified) · epss top5pct · epss high · public exploitExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Citrix SD-WAN 10.2.x before 10.2.3 and NetScaler SD-WAN 10.0.x before 10.0.8 have Improper Input Validation (issue 5 of 6).

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
9.0(high)
EG Risk
81(Attend)
EG Risk 81/100SSVC: Attend

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity90% × 45%
Exploitation100% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Remediate soon — notable exploitation risk.
EPSS PROB
74%
EPSS %ILE
99%
KEV
⚠ Exploited

Published

July 16, 2019

Last Modified

November 6, 2025

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Jun 2, 2026
⚠️ Active exploitation confirmed. Patch available. Sources: cisa.
cisa Patch Available🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2019-12991
generic🟡 PoC Available

Citrix SD-WAN Appliance Multiple Vulnerabilities - Research Advisory | Tenable®

https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2019-32
generic

Loading...

https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX251987
generic
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/109133

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 36× in last 7d / 208× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 428 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-28 15:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-28 15:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  3. 2026-07-28 11:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-07-28 07:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  5. 2026-07-28 03:11 UTCGHSA enrichment
  6. 2026-07-27 23:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-07-27 19:24 UTCCISA KEV update
  8. 2026-07-27 19:02 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-07-27 17:17 UTCCISA KEV update
  10. 2026-07-27 14:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-07-27 10:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-07-27 06:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  13. 2026-07-27 02:39 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-07-26 22:36 UTCGHSA enrichment
  15. 2026-07-26 18:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  16. 2026-07-26 14:27 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-07-26 14:27 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-07-26 10:25 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-07-26 06:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-07-26 02:21 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-07-26 02:21 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-07-25 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-23 14:15 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-07-23 01:39 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-07-22 22:19 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-07-22 20:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  4. 2026-07-22 19:40 UTCCISA KEV update
  5. 2026-07-22 16:42 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-07-22 16:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  7. 2026-07-22 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-22 12:39 UTCGHSA enrichment
  9. 2026-07-22 08:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  10. 2026-07-22 04:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  11. 2026-07-22 00:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  12. 2026-07-21 18:07 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-07-21 18:07 UTCGHSA enrichment
  14. 2026-07-21 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-21 15:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-21 14:37 UTCCISA KEV update
  17. 2026-07-21 14:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  18. 2026-07-21 10:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  19. 2026-07-21 05:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  20. 2026-07-21 01:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  21. 2026-07-20 21:53 UTCGHSA enrichment
  22. 2026-07-20 17:50 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-07-20 17:50 UTCGHSA enrichment
  24. 2026-07-20 17:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-20 13:48 UTCGHSA enrichment
  26. 2026-07-20 09:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  27. 2026-07-20 05:44 UTCGHSA enrichment
  28. 2026-07-20 01:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  29. 2026-07-19 21:39 UTCGHSA enrichment
  30. 2026-07-19 17:37 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-07-19 17:37 UTCGHSA enrichment
  32. 2026-07-19 14:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-07-19 14:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-07-19 13:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  35. 2026-07-19 09:31 UTCGHSA enrichment
  36. 2026-07-19 05:29 UTCGHSA enrichment
  37. 2026-07-19 01:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  38. 2026-07-18 21:23 UTCGHSA enrichment
  39. 2026-07-18 17:20 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-07-18 13:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  41. 2026-07-18 09:15 UTCGHSA enrichment
  42. 2026-07-18 05:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  43. 2026-07-18 01:11 UTCGHSA enrichment
  44. 2026-07-17 21:09 UTCGHSA enrichment
  45. 2026-07-17 17:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-07-17 13:03 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-07-17 09:01 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-07-17 09:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  49. 2026-07-17 04:58 UTCGHSA enrichment
  50. 2026-07-17 00:55 UTCGHSA enrichment
  51. 2026-07-16 20:52 UTCGHSA enrichment
  52. 2026-07-16 17:04 UTCCISA KEV update
  53. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-07-16 16:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-07-16 16:49 UTCGHSA enrichment
  56. 2026-07-16 12:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  57. 2026-07-16 08:32 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-07-16 04:30 UTCGHSA enrichment
  59. 2026-07-16 00:28 UTCGHSA enrichment
  60. 2026-07-15 20:26 UTCGHSA enrichment
  61. 2026-07-15 16:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-07-15 16:49 UTCCISA KEV update
  63. 2026-07-15 16:24 UTCGHSA enrichment
  64. 2026-07-15 15:04 UTCCISA KEV update
  65. 2026-07-15 12:22 UTCGHSA enrichment
  66. 2026-07-15 08:17 UTCGHSA enrichment
  67. 2026-07-15 04:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  68. 2026-07-15 00:11 UTCGHSA enrichment
  69. 2026-07-14 20:08 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-07-14 18:05 UTCCISA KEV update
  71. 2026-07-14 16:06 UTCGHSA enrichment
  72. 2026-07-14 12:04 UTCGHSA enrichment
  73. 2026-07-14 08:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  74. 2026-07-14 03:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  75. 2026-07-13 23:54 UTCGHSA enrichment

Publicly available exploits

(1 reference)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (1 Exploit-DB entry). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • Exploit-DBEDB-47112✓ verified
    First seen Jul 12, 2019

    Citrix SD-WAN Appliance 10.2.2 - Authentication Bypass / Remote Command Execution

    Open source ↗

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2019-12991?
CVE-2019-12991 is a critical vulnerability published on July 16, 2019. Citrix SD-WAN 10.2.x before 10.2.3 and NetScaler SD-WAN 10.0.x before 10.0.8 have Improper Input Validation (issue 5 of 6).
When was CVE-2019-12991 disclosed?
CVE-2019-12991 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on July 16, 2019, with the most recent update on November 6, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2019-12991 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2019-12991 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on March 25, 2022, affecting Citrix SD-WAN and NetScaler. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate patching attention.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-12991?
CVE-2019-12991 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0.
Which products are affected by CVE-2019-12991?
CVE-2019-12991 affects Citrix SD-WAN and NetScaler. The full affected-products list, including version ranges and fixed versions, is shown in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2019-12991?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2019-12991, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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