CVE-2016-5018

CRITICALNVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2022-05-13. NVD baseline CVSS 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Elevated

Also known asEUVD-2022-2445 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 10%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.0.M9, 8.5.0 to 8.5.4, 8.0.0.RC1 to 8.0.36, 7.0.0 to 7.0.70 and 6.0.0 to 6.0.45 a malicious web application was able to bypass a configured SecurityManager via a Tomcat utility method that was accessible to web applications.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
72
EG Risk 72/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
10%
EPSS %ILE
95th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
10% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-12). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 10, 2017

Last Modified

October 8, 2026

Advisory Details (9)

Auto-updated Aug 1, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat.
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1548
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. These packages provide a number of enhancements over the previous version of Red Hat JBoss Web Ser

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0456
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. These packages provide a number of enhancements over the previous version of Red Hat JBoss Web Ser

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0455
Web page

[SECURITY] [DSA 3720-1] tomcat8 security update

http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3720

Patch Availability(16)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntutomcat8-user (8.0.32-1ubuntu1.3) @ xenial2026-11-11ubuntu
ubuntulibservlet2.5-java-doc (6.0.45+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1) @ xenial2026-11-11ubuntu
redhattomcat-0:7.0.76-2.el72017-08-01redhat
redhatresteasy-0:2.3.20-1.Final_redhat_1.1.ep6.el62017-06-20redhat
redhatresteasy-0:2.3.20-1.Final_redhat_1.1.ep6.el72017-06-20redhat
redhatresteasy-0:2.3.20-1.Final_redhat_1.1.ep6.el52017-06-20redhat
redhatpatch2017-06-20redhat
redhatjboss-ec2-eap-0:7.5.16-1.Final_redhat_1.ep6.el62017-06-20redhat
redhattomcat-vault-0:1.0.8-9.Final_redhat_2.1.ep7.el72017-03-07redhat
redhatpatch2017-03-07redhat
redhattomcat-vault-0:1.0.8-9.Final_redhat_2.1.ep7.el62017-03-07redhat
mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper @ 8.5.5 (fixes >= 8.5.0, <= 8.5.4)—ghsa
mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper @ 8.0.37 (fixes >= 8.0.0RC1, <= 8.0.36)—ghsa
mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper @ 7.0.72 (fixes >= 7.0.0, <= 7.0.70)—ghsa
mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper @ 6.0.47 (fixes >= 6.0.0, <= 6.0.45)—ghsa
mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper @ 9.0.0.M10 (fixes >= 9.0.0.M1, <= 9.0.0.M9)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(7 across 3 ecosystems)
Maven(3)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper7.0.0 ... 7.0.8 (48 versions)
  • 9.0.0.M1 up to 9.0.0.M10: fixed in 9.0.0.M10
  • 8.5.0 up to 8.5.5: fixed in 8.5.5
  • 8.0.0RC1 up to 8.0.37: fixed in 8.0.37
  • 7.0.0 up to 7.0.72: fixed in 7.0.72
  • 6.0.0 up to 6.0.47: fixed in 6.0.47
—
org.apache.tomcat:jasper6.0.13 ... 6.0.45 (20 versions)
  • 6.0.0 up to 6.0.47: fixed in 6.0.47
—
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-jasper7.0.0 ... 7.0.8 (48 versions)
  • 9.0.0.M1 up to 9.0.0.M10: fixed in 9.0.0.M10
  • 8.5.0 up to 8.5.5: fixed in 8.5.5
  • 8.0.0RC1 up to 8.0.37: fixed in 8.0.37
  • 7.0.0 up to 7.0.72: fixed in 7.0.72
—
Debian:7(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
tomcat66.0.35-6 ... 6.0.45-1~deb6u1 (15 versions)
  • every version up to 6.0.45+dfsg-1~deb7u3: fixed in 6.0.45+dfsg-1~deb7u3
—
tomcat77.0.28-4 ... 7.0.28-4+deb7u6 (7 versions)
  • every version up to 7.0.28-4+deb7u7: fixed in 7.0.28-4+deb7u7
—
Debian:8(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
tomcat77.0.56-3, 7.0.56-3+deb8u1, 7.0.56-3+deb8u2, 7.0.56-3+deb8u3, 7.0.56-3+deb8u4
  • every version up to 7.0.56-3+deb8u5: fixed in 7.0.56-3+deb8u5
—
tomcat88.0.14-1, 8.0.14-1+deb8u1, 8.0.14-1+deb8u2, 8.0.14-1+deb8u3
  • every version up to 8.0.14-1+deb8u4: fixed in 8.0.14-1+deb8u4
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(2)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 69× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 261 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 161 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-13 00:22 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-13 00:22 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-13 00:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  4. 2026-11-12 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  5. 2026-11-11 22:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-11 22:08 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-11-11 22:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  8. 2026-11-11 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  9. 2026-11-10 19:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-10 19:50 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-11-10 19:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  12. 2026-11-10 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  13. 2026-11-09 17:20 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-09 17:20 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-11-09 17:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  16. 2026-11-09 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  17. 2026-11-08 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  18. 2026-11-08 15:06 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  19. 2026-11-08 15:06 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-11-08 15:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  21. 2026-11-07 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  22. 2026-11-07 12:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-11-07 12:52 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-11-07 12:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  25. 2026-11-06 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-06 10:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-06 10:38 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-06 10:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  4. 2026-11-05 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  5. 2026-11-05 08:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-05 08:24 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-11-05 08:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  8. 2026-11-04 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  9. 2026-11-04 06:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-04 06:10 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-11-04 06:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  12. 2026-11-03 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  13. 2026-11-03 03:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-03 03:52 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-11-03 03:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  16. 2026-11-02 11:25 UTCOSV refresh
  17. 2026-11-02 01:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-02 01:38 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-11-02 01:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  20. 2026-11-01 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  21. 2026-11-01 08:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4v3g-g84w-hv7r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  22. 2026-11-01 08:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-10-31 23:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-31 23:23 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-31 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  26. 2026-10-30 21:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  27. 2026-10-30 21:08 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-10-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  29. 2026-10-29 18:54 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-29 18:54 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-10-29 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  32. 2026-10-28 16:39 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  33. 2026-10-28 16:39 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-10-28 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  35. 2026-10-27 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  36. 2026-10-27 14:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-27 14:23 UTCVendor advisory
  38. 2026-10-26 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  39. 2026-10-26 12:00 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-10-25 19:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  41. 2026-10-25 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  42. 2026-10-25 09:32 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  43. 2026-10-25 09:32 UTCVendor advisory
  44. 2026-10-24 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  45. 2026-10-24 07:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  46. 2026-10-24 07:18 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-10-23 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  48. 2026-10-23 05:03 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-23 05:03 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-10-22 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  51. 2026-10-22 02:47 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-10-22 02:47 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-10-21 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  54. 2026-10-21 00:30 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  55. 2026-10-21 00:30 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-10-20 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  57. 2026-10-19 22:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  58. 2026-10-19 22:13 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-19 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  60. 2026-10-18 19:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  61. 2026-10-18 19:57 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-10-18 10:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  63. 2026-10-17 17:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  64. 2026-10-17 17:40 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-10-17 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  66. 2026-10-16 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  67. 2026-10-16 15:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  68. 2026-10-16 15:25 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-15 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  70. 2026-10-15 13:10 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  71. 2026-10-15 13:10 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-10-14 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile
  73. 2026-10-14 08:18 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  74. 2026-10-14 08:18 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-10-13 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 10% · 95th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2016-5018?
CVE-2016-5018 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 10, 2017. In Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.0.M9, 8.5.0 to 8.5.4, 8.0.0.RC1 to 8.0.36, 7.0.0 to 7.0.70 and 6.0.0 to 6.0.45 a malicious web application was able to bypass a configured SecurityManager via a Tomcat utility method that was accessible to web applications.
When was CVE-2016-5018 made public?
CVE-2016-5018 was made public on October 27, 2016: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Apache Software Foundation, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on August 10, 2017. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 8, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2016-5018 actively exploited?
CVE-2016-5018 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 10% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (95th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-5018?
CVE-2016-5018 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2016-5018?
A fix for CVE-2016-5018 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2016-5018 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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