CVE-2016-20016

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2022-10-19. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Weaponized

Also known asEUVD-2016-3104 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationNo fix is confirmed yet: check with the vendor for a fixed release; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 86%
  • Public exploit code is available (Metasploit)
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 86%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: MetasploitExposed services: Not assessed

No fix is confirmed yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for the fix.

MVPower CCTV DVR models, including TV-7104HE 1.8.4 115215B9 and TV7108HE, contain a web shell that is accessible via a /shell URI. A remote unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary operating system commands as root. This vulnerability has also been referred to as the "JAWS webserver RCE" because of the easily identifying HTTP response server field. Other firmware versions, at least from 2014 through 2019, can be affected. This was exploited in the wild in 2017 through 2022.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
94
EG Risk 94/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation86% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: No fix is confirmed yet. Check with the vendor for a fixed release; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
86%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
86% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-13). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

No fix is confirmed yet. Check with the vendor for a fixed release; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

October 19, 2022

Last Modified

May 9, 2025

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Oct 9, 2026
No fix on record yet.
Web page

Pwning CCTV cameras | Pen Test Partners

https://www.pentestpartners.com/security-blog/pwning-cctv-cameras/
Web page

MVPower DVR TV-7104HE 1.8.4 115215B9 - Shell Command Execution (Metasploit) - ARM remote Exploit

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/41471
Web page

IoT_reaper: A Rappid Spreading New IoT Botnet

https://blog.netlab.360.com/iot_reaper-a-rappid-spreading-new-iot-botnet-en/

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 42× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed its CVE.org record (CNA or CISA ADP). An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). "EchelonGraph re-scored" is our own recompute of this CVE's score, not an update from a source, and is not counted in the refreshes above. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 137 rows on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 37 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-14 04:41 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  2. 2026-11-14 04:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-11-13 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  4. 2026-11-13 05:31 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  5. 2026-11-13 05:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  6. 2026-11-12 06:33 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  7. 2026-11-12 06:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  8. 2026-11-11 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  9. 2026-11-11 07:34 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  10. 2026-11-11 07:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  11. 2026-11-10 08:36 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  12. 2026-11-10 08:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-11-09 09:38 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  14. 2026-11-09 09:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  15. 2026-11-08 10:40 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-11-08 10:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-11-07 11:42 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-11-07 11:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  19. 2026-11-06 12:44 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  20. 2026-11-06 12:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  21. 2026-11-05 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  22. 2026-11-05 13:46 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  23. 2026-11-05 13:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  24. 2026-11-04 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  25. 2026-11-04 14:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-11-04 14:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  2. 2026-11-03 15:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  3. 2026-11-02 16:52 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  4. 2026-11-02 16:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  5. 2026-11-01 17:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  6. 2026-11-01 17:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  7. 2026-10-31 18:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  8. 2026-10-31 18:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  9. 2026-10-31 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  10. 2026-10-30 19:51 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  11. 2026-10-30 19:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  12. 2026-10-29 20:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  13. 2026-10-29 20:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  14. 2026-10-29 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  15. 2026-10-28 21:55 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  16. 2026-10-28 21:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-10-27 22:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  18. 2026-10-27 22:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  19. 2026-10-27 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-26 23:57 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  21. 2026-10-26 23:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-10-25 21:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  23. 2026-10-25 19:48 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  24. 2026-10-25 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  25. 2026-10-24 22:23 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  26. 2026-10-24 22:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  27. 2026-10-23 23:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  28. 2026-10-23 23:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  29. 2026-10-23 00:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  30. 2026-10-23 00:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  31. 2026-10-22 01:25 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  32. 2026-10-22 01:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  33. 2026-10-21 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  34. 2026-10-21 02:27 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  35. 2026-10-21 02:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  36. 2026-10-20 03:24 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  37. 2026-10-20 03:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  38. 2026-10-19 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  39. 2026-10-19 03:53 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  40. 2026-10-19 03:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  41. 2026-10-18 04:54 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  42. 2026-10-18 04:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  43. 2026-10-17 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  44. 2026-10-17 05:16 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  45. 2026-10-17 05:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  46. 2026-10-16 06:13 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  47. 2026-10-16 06:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  48. 2026-10-15 04:50 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  49. 2026-10-15 04:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  50. 2026-10-14 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  51. 2026-10-14 00:43 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  52. 2026-10-14 00:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  53. 2026-10-12 20:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-p4xh-2j8v-rpq8 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  54. 2026-10-12 20:45 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  55. 2026-10-12 01:08 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  56. 2026-10-09 20:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  57. 2026-10-05 17:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  58. 2026-09-30 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  59. 2026-09-30 09:11 UTCEchelonGraph re-scored
  60. 2026-09-24 13:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  61. 2026-09-18 19:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  62. 2026-09-12 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  63. 2026-09-10 09:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  64. 2026-09-07 15:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  65. 2026-09-04 13:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  66. 2026-08-30 19:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  67. 2026-08-27 14:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  68. 2026-08-26 14:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  69. 2026-08-19 16:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 87% · 99th percentile
  70. 2026-08-17 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 87% · 99th percentile
  71. 2026-08-16 02:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 87% · 99th percentile
  72. 2026-08-11 13:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 87% · 99th percentile
  73. 2026-08-08 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 87% · 99th percentile
  74. 2026-07-30 16:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 87% · 99th percentile
  75. 2026-07-28 15:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 87% · 99th percentile

Publicly available exploits

(1 reference)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (1 Metasploit module). No fix is confirmed yet, so defenders should restrict or isolate affected systems accordingly until one is published.

  • Metasploitexploit/linux/http/mvpower_dvr_shell_exec✓ verified
    Published Feb 23, 2017

    MVPower DVR Shell Unauthenticated Command Execution

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2016-20016?
CVE-2016-20016 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on October 19, 2022. MVPower CCTV DVR models, including TV-7104HE 1.8.4 115215B9 and TV7108HE, contain a web shell that is accessible via a /shell URI. A remote unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary operating system commands as root. This vulnerability has also been referred to as the "JAWS webserver RCE"…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2016-20016 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2016-20016 was published on October 19, 2022. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of May 9, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2016-20016 actively exploited?
CVE-2016-20016 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EchelonGraph's EG-KEV model places it in Tier 2 (Weaponized), which is not evidence of exploitation: a Metasploit module exists for it, and CISA's SSVC data says a public PoC exists and its EPSS is 50% or more. EchelonGraph does not test whether exploit code works. FIRST EPSS estimates a 86% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-20016?
CVE-2016-20016 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2016-20016?
No fix for CVE-2016-20016 is confirmed yet. Until one is published, restrict network exposure of the affected system — for example, keep it off the internet or limit it to trusted networks — and watch for a fix.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2016-20016

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2016-20016?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.